Efficacy of Semaglutide in Glycemic Control, Weight Loss, and Improving Lipidogram- Role of Baseline Vitamin D Levels

Objective: Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is an established therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D), offering robust glycemic control and weight reduction. Vitamin D has been implicated in metabolic regulation, yet its influence on semaglutide-induced outcomes remains unclear. Research Design and Methods: the investigators conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 5,300 adults with T2D, enrolled in Leumit Health Services, who initiated semaglutide therapy between February 1, 2019, and December 31, 2022. All patients had documented serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D \[25(OH)D\] levels prior to treatment initiation. Metabolic outcomes- including glycemic control (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), and lipid profile- were assessed at 12 months. Associations between baseline 25(OH)D levels and metabolic changes were evaluated using multivariable regression models, adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates.