Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) Infection in HIV-1 Uninfected High Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men

Studies to assess the effectiveness of interventions to prevent HIV infection depend upon robust estimates of Baseline HIV incidence rates. The changing landscape of high-risk populations, as well as the evolution of biomedical pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) interventions, requires a contemporary evaluation of HIV incidence as well as demographic, behavioral and other subject factors which may impact HIV incidence. This is a prospective cohort study to measure HIV-1 seroincidence in a study population of HIV-1 uninfected Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) who are at high-risk of HIV infection. Approximately 550 subjects who are male sex at birth and have sex with men shall enter the study, which will allow for a 10% drop out rate to maintain 500 subjects at the conclusion of the cohort. This is a single arm cohort study to determine HIV-1 seroincidence rates in high risk MSM and TGW when combined with a comprehensive prevention package including HIV and safe sex counseling, provision of condoms and water-based lubricant, and sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening and referral for treatment. It will be determined what proportion of high-risk MSM and TGW who are given a comprehensive HIV-1 prevention package will acquire HIV-1 infection.