Robots to Reduce Pain During IV Placement

Peripheral intravenous catheters (IVs) are utilized in the majority of hospitalized children. The placement of IVs requires significant staff time, contributes to health care costs, and causes pain and distress in the patients receiving them. Techniques currently used at Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA) to reduce children's anxiety and increase success of IV placement center depends on members of the Child Life Department distracting patients during insertion. Recent literature has suggested that humanoid robots can be a powerful form of distraction and lead to decreased pain during painful procedures in children. Work done by the University of Southern California (USC) Interaction Lab has shown that socially assistive robots can use techniques more complex than pure distraction to lead to a human-robot interaction that is perceived as more positive by the human. The investigators propose a project pairing children receiving an IV with either a (1) Child Life staff member only (2) pure distraction robot + Child Life or (3) an robot teaching coping skills + Child Life with a goal of reduced pain. Pain will be measured by participant self-report, family member perceived pain, parasympathetic activation, and pain behaviors as measured by video.