Effect of β-cryptoxanthin (β-Cx), Plant Sterols and Galactooligosaccharides on Systemic and Gastrointestinal Markers

Regular consumption of a beverage containing β-cryptoxanthin (β-Cx) and plant sterols (PS) has been shown to exert a synergic effect in reducing some markers of cardiovascular risk and bone-remodeling (formation and resorption). The present project aims to: * Evaluate (by in vivo and in vitro studies) the bioavailability of added β-Cx, PS and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and its stability in the beverage employed in the proposed study. * Study the biological effect (bioefficacy) associated with the regular consumption of modified milk-based fruit beverages containing β-Cx, PS and GOS in post-menopausal women (target group) by assessing changes in inflammation, cardiovascular and bone turnover biochemical markers. * Characterize genetic variability (polymorphisms), genetic expression and DNA oxidative damage in the target group as determinants of bioavailability and biological effects of β-Cx, PS and GOS. * Evaluate the potential prebiotic effect associated to regular consumption of a beverage supplemented with β-Cx, PS and GOS: including "in vitro" studies and characterization of subjects' microbiota and possible microbiota changes associated to the beverage consumption.