CAR-T Cell Therapy Targeting GPC3 in Patients with Advanced GPC3-Positive Hepatocellular Carcinoma

In this single-center, single-arm, prospective, open-label Phase 1/2 study, the safety and efficacy of autologous GPC3-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy will be evaluated in patients with GPC3-positive advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Phase 1 will involve the enrollment of six eligible patients to receive hepatic arterial infusion of GPC3-CAR T cells at a fixed dose of 1×10\^6 cells/kg, with or without a standard lymphodepleting conditioning regimen (fludarabine and cyclophosphamide). Based on the results, it will be assessed whether the FC lymphodepletion regimen is necessary. Subsequently an additional six patients will be enrolled in a "3+3" dose-escalation design to adjust the dose of GPC3-CAR T cells to achieve optimal safety and efficacy. The recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) will then be established. Phase 2 will involve the enrollment of 10-20 additional eligible patients to receive GPC3-CAR T cell therapy at the RP2D.