Оptical Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Intra-articular Injuries

Intra-articular joint injuries are the most common and prognostically unfavorable in case of untimely or erroneous diagnosis, which leads to a significant violation of the quality of life and activity of patients. For example, untimely diagnosis and determination of the degree of damage to the subchondral bone can lead to progression, namely, an increase in the edema zone with transformation into an irreversible process - avascular necrosis of the bone. Mistakes in diagnosing subsynovial injuries of the ligamentous apparatus and assessing its functional viability can lead to the development of chronic joint instability, chronic synovitis, and progression of intraarticular destruction. Methods of early and accurate diagnosis allow timely and personalized treatment, they are aimed at preventing the development of complications and the need for repeated expensive and often disabling operations. The issue of developing the method of intraoperative navigation with the use of quantitative assessment methods in operations on the musculoskeletal system is also relevant. In this regard, the methods of optical spectroscopy and optoacoustics proposed in the project, which can solve the above problems, are of particular relevance. Thus, the scientific problem to be solved by the proposed project is the development of optical and optoacoustic spectroscopy methods for biomedical diagnostics. The development of new methods and tools capable of detecting and characterizing both early and hidden predictors of the possible progression of osteoarthritis will prevent or reduce the risks of possible complications and irreversible intra-articular changes.