Brain Predictions and Body Reconstruction: Embodied Philosophy and Predictive Processing Models in Understanding and Treating Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and debilitating disease of the central nervous system that significantly impacts cognitive, motor, and social functioning. This article, by combining predictive processing models and embodied philosophy, examines the role of myelin damage in cognitive and social disorders in MS. The body functions as an active predictor capable of complex predictions about various bodily and social states. In this article, the processes of prediction and body reconstruction are comprehensively examined from philosophical and scientific perspectives, and novel treatments, including combined approaches based on predictive processing and embodied philosophy, are proposed.