Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal (IVT) Aflibercept for the Improvement of Moderately Severe to Severe Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR)

The primary objective of the study is to assess the efficacy of intravitreal (IVT) aflibercept compared to sham treatment in the improvement of moderately severe to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). The secondary objectives of the study are: * To characterize the safety of IVT aflibercept in patients with moderately severe to severe NPDR * To determine if IVT aflibercept will prevent the worsening of diabetic retinopathy and reduce the incidence of DME * To determine the anatomic effects of IVT aflibercept in patients with moderately severe to severe NPDR