Observational Study of Electrical Impedance Tomography for Non-Invasive Assessment of Cerebral Autoregulation in Neurocritical Patients

This is a single-center, prospective, observational, self-controlled clinical study conducted at the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit of Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University. The study aims to evaluate whether non-invasive Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) can reliably assess cerebral blood flow autoregulation in neurocritically ill participants, by comparing EIT-derived parameters with the current gold-standard invasive index PRx. Cerebral blood flow autoregulation helps maintain stable brain perfusion in critically ill neurological patients. Impaired autoregulation raises the risk of secondary brain injury. The current standard evaluation requires invasive intracranial pressure monitoring, which carries risks of infection, bleeding, and tissue damage. EIT is a non-invasive, radiation-free bedside monitoring technique that uses scalp electrodes to measure real-time changes related to cerebral blood flow, with no additional harm to participants. Adult participants admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit who require routine invasive intracranial pressure monitoring will be enrolled, with informed consent provided by legal guardians. All participants receive standard clinical care as prescribed by current medical guidelines; no extra experimental treatments, drugs, or invasive procedures are applied for this study. During the study, invasive monitoring data and non-invasive EIT brain monitoring data will be collected simultaneously. Researchers will analyze the correlation and consistency between EIT-derived parameters and the gold-standard index. This study has received ethical approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University. All participant information is anonymized to protect privacy, and adverse events will be recorded and reported in accordance with regulatory requirements. The results are expected to support a safe, non-invasiv