Free Amino-acid Composition of Peri-implant and Periodontal Conditions

Peri-implant diseases, encompassing peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, are biologically driven inflammatory conditions that threaten the long-term success of dental implants. The microbial signatures and their metabolic products have prompted growing interest in salivary biomarkers, particularly amino acids (AAs), which may reflect both microbial activity and host response.However, despite increasing evidence of periodontal disease, the role of salivary AAs in peri-implant conditions remains underexplored.The aim of this study is to comprehensively evaluate and compare the salivary free amino acid profiles among individuals with peri-implantitis, peri-implant mucositis, and healthy peri-implant mucosa, as well as those with periodontitis, gingivitis, and a healthy periodontium, and seeks to investigate whether distinct salivary amino acid signatures are linked to different stages and types of peri-implant and periodontal inflammation, and to evaluate their potential as non-invasive biomarkers for disease differentiation, activity, and severity