Effects of Kegel Ball and Pelvic Floor Exercises on Sexual Function, Unrınary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Women

Urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction are common conditions that can significantly impact quality of life. Although surgical and medical treatments are available, many individuals seek non-invasive alternatives. Pelvic floor muscle training, also known as Kegel exercises, aims to strengthen the pelvic muscles that support the bladder and other pelvic organs. The use of vaginal Kegel balls may enhance the effects of these exercises by promoting increased muscle activation and pelvic awareness. Preliminary findings suggest that regular pelvic floor muscle training may improve urinary control and enhance sexual function through improved muscle strength and proprioception. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle exercises and Kegel ball utilization as non-invasive options for improving pelvic health, urinary continence, and sexual well-being. A total of 40 female participants with pelvic floor muscle weakness, urinary incontinence, and sexual dysfunction will be enrolled. All participants will undergo a physical examination. Muscle strength will be assessed using the Modified Oxford Scale, and prolapse levels, if present, will be determined using the Simplified POP-Q classification. Sociodemographic data will be collected, and participants will complete three face-to-face questionnaires. The Sandvick Severity Index (SSI) will be used to assess the severity of urinary incontinence. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), a validated questionnaire, will assess incontinence-related quality of life. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), another validated instrument, will be used to assess sexual dysfunction. Participants will be randomized by drawing from closed envelopes containing 20 cards labeled "0" and 20 labeled "1." Those who draw a "0" will be assigned to the control group and will perform pelvic floor Kegel exercises. Those who draw a "1" will be assigned to the study group, w