The Leuven Longitudinal Late-Life Depression Study

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the long-term effects of late-life depression (LLD) in adults aged 60 and older. LLD is depression that begins for the first time later in life. Patients with this condition may feel sad for a long time or lose interest in activities they used to enjoy. They may also have problems with sleep, energy, or concentration. In some patients, this depression comes with changes in thinking and memory, which may be linked to a higher risk of dementia. The investigators believe that changes in the brain play a role in this condition. The main questions this study aims to answer are: Do patients with late-life depression have a higher risk of memory decline, dementia, return of depression, hospital stays, or death compared to healthy people? Can brain scans and blood tests help predict how the illness will develop over time? The investigators will compare patients with late-life depression to healthy people of the same age and sex. This will help clarify how the illness develops over several years. This is a follow-up study, which means no new treatment is being tested. The investigators will recruit participants from previous studies, drawn from two cohorts with a mean follow-up time since inclusion of 12 years and 6 years. The investigators collect information about health, memory, and mood, and compare it with earlier measurements. To do this, the investigators use existing information from past studies, medical records, brain scans, and blood samples. Participants can take part if they: Are at least 60 years old Took part in one of the earlier studies Give written permission to join Participants may be asked to: Have a conversation and take memory tests Give a blood sample Have a brain scan These tests can take place in the hospital or at the participant's home. If a participant does not want to do the tests again, the investigators can ask their family doctor for important health information, with the partici