Transthoracic Echocardiographic Monitoring of Cardiac Output Effects of Colloid Preload and Crystalloid Coload During Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has been introduced in anesthesia and intensive care practice to assess the volume status and predict fluid responsiveness, with a few studies performed on pregnant women (5). In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of intravenous administration of albumin as a colloid preload on the maternal stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) versus crystalloid coload. We used TTE to measure the changes in SV, and CO at baseline and at subsequent time points after spinal anesthesia.