Clinical Performance of Injectable and Conventional Resin Composites in Posterior Class I Restorations

This study compared the one-year clinical performance of two tooth-colored filling materials used for restoring cavities in posterior teeth: a highly filled injectable resin composite and a conventional resin composite. The study included 38 participants aged 20 to 26 years who required at least two Class I restorations in permanent premolars or molars. Each participant received both restorative materials in different teeth using a randomized split-mouth design. A total of 120 restorations were placed, including 60 restorations with G-ænial Universal Injectable and 60 restorations with G-ænial Posterior. The restorations were evaluated one week, six months, and 12 months after placement using the FDI criteria, which assess esthetic, functional, and biological properties. In addition, 20 participants with 64 restorations were randomly selected for a detailed assessment of restoration surfaces and margins. Digital impressions were obtained, three-dimensional resin replicas were produced, and the replicas were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The study aimed to determine whether the two restorative materials differed in their clinical and micromorphological performance during the one-year follow-up period.