Telerehabilitation in Hemodialysis Patients.

Chronic kidney disease is the third most common cause of death, with a prevalence of 10-12%. Patients undergoing hemodialysis often exhibit low levels of physical activity, leading to various health issues, including poor quality of life, fatigue, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal symptoms, and increased mortality. Increased physical activity in this population has been associated with improvements in these health conditions. Walking, for instance, has been linked to a 33% reduction in mortality and a 21% decrease in the need for kidney transplantation. However, recent findings indicate that the average step count among hemodialysis patients is significantly lower compared to the healthy population. Telerehabilitation, utilizing digital innovations such as smartphones and smartwatches, is considered a promising strategy to promote physical activity. This randomized crossover study aims to investigate whether telerehabilitation, combined with a structured feedback intervention via a wearable activity tracker, can increase physical activity in hemodialysis patients. The study seeks to address the limited knowledge on the effectiveness of digital interventions in this population. The hypothesis is that such an intervention could positively influence physical activity levels in this group. The primary objectives of this study are to increase the average step count, improve dialysis parameters, enhance quality of life, improve digital health literacy, increase exercise capacity, reduce overall and cardiovascular mortality, and decrease unplanned hospitalizations in cardiology, nephrology, or geriatrics departments. The study will be conducted at the dialysis center of Jessa Hospital in Hasselt, Belgium, and will include 46 patients. Each participant will consecutively undergo two different types of interventions: telerehabilitation combined with usual care rehabilitation and usual care rehabilitation only. Following recruitment, participan