Reliability of Insulin by Jet Injection

Using a specific jet injector for the administration of a rapid-acting insulin analogue has been shown to advance the absorption of insulin from the subcutaneous area into the bloodstream by 40-50%, when compared to conventional injection by insulin pens. The reproducibility of the jet stream method has not been previously determined in vivo. It is also unknown how the efficacy of injecting regular insulin by jet stream compares to that of rapid-acting analogues injected by conventional pen. Objectives: 1. To compare the pharmacologic reproducibility of the rapid-acting insulin analogue aspart (Novorapid®) injected by jet-injection to that of the same insulin injected with a conventional pen. 2. To compare pharmacokinetic and -dynamic profile of regular insulin injected by jet injection to that of aspart insulin injected by conventional pen. Study design: Double-blind double-dummy randomized controlled parallel/cross-over