Arsenic Methylation Enzymes, Cigarette Metabolites, DNA Repair Enzymes, Inflammatory Factors and Urothelial Carcinoma

1. To investigate the relationship between arsenic methylation enzymes (AS3MT, PNP,GSTO1, and GSTO2) genetic polymorphism and UC risk. 2. To explore the relationship between cigarettes metabolites (NNK, NNAL, HBA, NNAL-Gluc, O6-Methylguanine, and N7-Methylguanine) and UC risk. 3. To examine the relationship between cigarette metabolic enzymes (CYP2A6, CYP2A13, and UGT2B7) genetic polymorphism and UC risk. 4. To elucidate the relationship between DNA repair enzymes (MGMT, XPD, XRCC1, and XRCC3) gene polymorphism and 8-OHdG or between DNA repair enzymes and UC risk. 5. To examine relationship between COX-2 (-1195G/A、-765G/C 和8473C/T), IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α gene polymorphism and 8-OHdG or between COX-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α gene polymorphism and UC risk. 6. To examine the risk factors of the environment-environment, gene-environment, and gene-gene interaction on the risk of UC.