Evaluation of a Computerized Opioid Overdose Prevention Program

Unintentional fatal drug overdose (OD) is now the 2nd leading cause of accidental death in the general population. Fatal OD from opioid analgesics specifically has increased over 400% between 1999 and 2008, and nonfatal overdose occurs at a rate 3-7 greater than fatal OD. Unintentional opioid OD is a public health crisis in several societal populations including drug users, patients being treated for chronic pain, elderly individuals, adolescents, and children. Educational interventions have been developed to increase knowledge regarding opioid OD risk factors, symptoms, and appropriate responses, however no randomized controlled evaluations of these interventions have been conducted. Within-subject evaluations report immediate and sustained increases in participant knowledge and behavior change, yet these programs suffer from limitations that may limit their widespread dissemination. Thus, there is an urgent, critical need to develop an opioid OD educational intervention that can be accessed by a broad audience, and produces immediate and sustained gains in knowledge in an easily administered and cost-effective way. This study will develop a web-based, computerized, interactive, opioid OD education training program that will incorporate multi-media learning components and fluency training to produce knowledge gains. This program will be evaluated using a randomized, controlled comparison of the active intervention against two control interventions. Participants will be recruited from a brief inpatient detoxification (n=75), will receive the intervention immediately upon completing the detoxification (post-treatment), and will complete 2 follow-up visits to evaluate sustained knowledge. The primary outcome will be percent change from baseline on a knowledge test that is administered immediately before and after the intervention, and at a 1 and 3-month follow-up visit. Secondary outcomes will include self-reported behavior change and participant acceptance of the int