Relationship Between Visuospatial Attention and Balance

The term equilibrium is related to Newton's first law and, as used in mechanics, describes the state where the effect of the forces acting on an object is zero. Equilibrium is divided into two types: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium is the ability to maintain posture without any external forces. This type of equilibrium requires the center of gravity to be kept within the support base. Dynamic equilibrium, on the other hand, is the equilibrium maintained during motion. It requires a controlled shift of the center of gravity. Equilibrium is controlled by the proprioceptive, visual, and vestibular systems. The perception of one's own motion and balance is encoded by proprioceptive and visual signals, along with the vestibular system's perception of inertial motion. Connections between the vestibular nuclei and the cerebellum, hippocampus, prefrontal and parietal cortices provide information for cognitive functions such as spatial functions, navigation, and memory. Adaptation to postural changes in complex environments is known to be achieved through the coordinated and seamless functioning of these structures. In addition to these main systems, spatial orientation has been shown to be a crucial component for balance and posture control. Information from these systems is integrated and processed depending on the task and environment. The interaction and processing of sensory components can also be influenced by ongoing body movements, anticipation, prediction, or instructions. This sensory processing process can depend on many factors. The integration process can also go through a process involving inhibition. For example, standing on the deck of a station, a moving train may cause a person to perceive their own movement. The visual inputs that produce this sensation need to be excluded or blocked from the integration process. Like reweighting, inhibition is a dynamic process. While sensory information continuously flows into the brain, incompatible sensory chan