Renal Resistive Index in Patients With Shock

This study consists of two substudies. The first substudy: 'Renal resistive index in critically ill patients with cardiogenic and septic shock' Design: cross-sectional observational Aim of this project is: 1. to determine whether critically ill patients with cardiogenic and septic shock have an elevated Renal Resistive Index and 2. to determine whether Renal Resistive Index differs between cardiogenic/hypovolemic shock and shock due to sepsis/systemic inflammation (SIRS) 3. to determine the relation between the (change in) renal vascular resistance and * Markers of the systemic - and the microcirculation * Fluid status as quantified by bioimpedance analysis * Concomitant renal function The second substudy: 'Predictive value of the Renal Resistive Index on ICU admission and its course for the development of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with cardiogenic and septic shock' Design: longitudinal observational The aim of this project is: 1. to determine whether the renal resistance index on admission to the intensive care unit can predict the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients with shock 2. to investigate if the renal resistance index on admission to the intensive care unit is an independent predictor of the development of AKI or depends on the severity and duration of shock and other known risk factors of AKI such as comorbidity and use of nephrotoxic drugs Aim of the large research project is to determine whether the Renal Resistive Index could become a monitoring tool for intervention studies aiming to prevent acute kidney injury or protect the kidney.