WALANT Versus Local Anesthesia in Central Venous Catheter Insertion

The goal of this clinical trial is to find out whether WALANT is an alternative local anesthesia method that can increase patient comfort and reduce pain during CVC procedure, which is one of the invasive procedures to be performed especially in areas where bleeding control is difficult. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Can we offer an alternative local anesthesia method that can be used to treat patients who require CVC insertion with minimum pain and maximum comfort? * Can the WALANT technique reduce the risk of complications during CVC insertion? Participants were: randomized using a single-blind allocation method based on hospital file numbers: odd numbers received WALANT and even numbers received lidocaine. The WALANT solution was prepared according to the standard protocol and injected into a 3×3 cm target area 20 minutes before catheter insertion. CVCs were placed without ultrasound guidance in jugular, subclavian, or femoral veins by anatomical localization. Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the procedure. In the control group, after marking the anatomical location, the vein where the procedure would be performed was identified by using a 10cc syringe, which was then passed through the skin and subcutaneous tissues using negative pressure. As the needle tip was slowly withdrawn, local anesthesia was induced with an average of 2-10ml lidocaine (1.5-2 mg/kg) applied to the designated 3x3cm area. The CVC was then placed according to routine procedures. Patient assessments were recorded using a visual analog scale before and after the procedure.