Cognitive Proportionality in Physical Theory Construction: Toward Computational Approaches in Philosophy of Physics -Artificial Intelligence-

This paper introduces the concept of cognitive proportionality—the systematic ten dency to transform relational or operational phenomena into apparent ontological enti ties—as a diagnostic framework for understanding persistent conceptual difficulties in the oretical physics. Drawing on Ernst Mach’s critique of absolute space and time, we ana lyze how cognitive biases may influence theory construction in physics, particularly in the apparent incompatibility between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. We pro pose a Layered Epistemic Framework that treats different physical domains as requiring distinct theoretical approaches rather than unified descriptions. Finally, we explore how computational methods might complement human reasoning in theory evaluation through systematic bias detection, introducing the concept of Layered Epistemic Proportionality (LEP) as a potential metric for assessing theoretical deviation from empirical data. This work contributes to philosophy of physics by providing analytical tools for examining the role of cognitive factors in scientific theory construction.