Efficacy of Dapagliflozin Versus Metformin in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology, with insulin resistance playing a central role in its pathophysiology. Hyperinsulinemia can enhance ovarian androgen production and reduce hepatic sex hormone-binding globulin synthesis, thereby aggravating hyperandrogenism and reproductive abnormalities. Vildagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, enhances endogenous incretin activity and may improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that DPP-4 inhibition may also influence body weight, androgen excess, inflammation, and reproductive function in women with PCOS.