Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam: An Ethico-political Framework for World Peace

This paper examines the ancient Indian principle of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam as an ethico-political framework for achieving world peace amidst contemporary challenges of nationalism, ecological crises, and identity-based conflict. Rooted in the Mahā Upaniṣad and Chāndogya Upaniṣad, this philosophy asserts humanity’s intrinsic unity through metaphysical axioms like Tat Tvam Asi and ethical imperatives such as Sarva Dharma Sambhāva (“equal respect for all faiths”). By synthesizing India’s pluralistic traditions—Vedic inclusivism (Ekam Sat Viprā Bahudhā Vadanti), the Bhagavad Gita’s Nishkāma Karma (selfless action), and Jain Anekāntavāda (multiplicity of truths)—the study positions India’s civilizational ethos as a blueprint for transcending divisive paradigms. The analysis extends to India’s constitutional secularism, enshrined in Articles 25–30, which operationalizes these ideals through legal safeguards for minority rights and cultural diversity. Figures like Gandhi and Ambedkar bridge ancient wisdom with modern governance: Gandhi’s Ahimsā (nonviolence) and Ambedkar’s social justice frameworks demonstrate how ethical principles can address systemic inequities. Despite challenges—politicisation of ideals, caste disparities, and geopolitical realpolitik—the paper argues that Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam offers actionable pathways for global harmony. It advocates a dual approach: structural reforms (e.g., equitable policies, climate cooperation) and inner transformation through compassion and wisdom. By aligning India’s historical pluralism with contemporary governance, the study concludes that Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam transcends cultural particularism, offering a secular ethic for promoting universal brotherhood and healing fractured societies through dialogue, equity, and shared responsibility. Key Words: Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam, World Peace, Indian value System, Ethical Cosmopolitanism.