Ablation STrategies for Repeat PrOcedures in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Recurrences

The aim of the study is to evaluate different ablation strategies in patients with AF recurrences despite chronic PVI after prior catheter ablation. The present study is a multi-centre prospective randomized study enrolling 256 patients with drug-refractory AF despite previous AF ablation. After PV remapping confirming durable PVI patients will be assigned to 2 different groups: Group A: Substrate modification. After obtaining a voltage map of the LA, substrate modification will be performed aiming at low-voltage areas (LVA) \ 30 seconds between day 91 and 365 after the index procedure.