Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Motor Control

Phase I, this study aims to:- 1. Establish intra- and inter-rater reliability and minimal detectable change of ultrasound imaging measurement 2. Determine appropriate mode and dose for neuromuscular electrical stimulation on lumbar multifidus muscle 3. Determine feasibility of proposed protocol and physical therapy intervention Phase II, this study aims to:- 1. Determine the difference lumbar multifidus muscle activation based on arthrogenic muscle inhibition model between individuals with and without impaired lumbopelvic control 2. Determine the effect of combined neuromuscular electrical stimulation and motor control training in individual with impaired lumbopelvic control