Virtual Reality Versus Computer-Based Simulation in Electrocardiogram Education

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of immersive virtual reality (VR) simulation and computer-based simulation (CBS) with traditional laboratory practice on electrocardiogram (ECG) knowledge, practical skills, and motivation in first-year undergraduate nursing students. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does VR simulation improve ECG knowledge scores more than CBS and traditional laboratory practice? Does VR simulation improve ECG practical skill scores more than CBS and traditional laboratory practice? Does VR simulation improve learner motivation more than CBS and traditional laboratory practice? Researchers will compare three groups - VR simulation, computer-based simulation, and traditional laboratory practice - to see which method is most effective for ECG education outcomes. Participants will: Attend a standardized 90-minute ECG lecture before the intervention Be randomly assigned to one of three groups: VR simulation, computer-based simulation, or traditional laboratory practice Complete a 90-minute educational intervention according to their assigned group Complete knowledge, skills, and motivation assessments before and one week after the intervention