Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract Versus Rectal Advancement Flap in the Treatment of Complex Anal Fistula

Objective: Rectal advancement flap (RAF) is currently considered the gold standard in the treatment of complex anal fistula (CAF). Clinical trials are a priority given the few consistent results available with level 1 evidence. We compare the results of two conservative sphincter techniques: ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) versus RAF. Material and Method: A controlled, randomised clinical trial is conducted in patients operated between 2013 and 2016 in Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofia, Murcia, Spain. The primary objective was to evaluate relapse at 12 months of follow-up, and the secondary objectives were post-op anal continence (Wexner), post-operative complications (haematoma, infection of surgical site, suture dehiscence), duration of surgery and hospitalisation. Post-operative controls 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery.