Fasting-mimicking Diet and Periodontitis (FMD)

Periodontitis (gum disease) leads to the formation of gum pockets. Its treatment involves deep cleaning of the teeth, to remove soft and hard tooth deposits under the gum line. Although in the long term this leads to improvement of the gum conditions and reduced inflammation, in the hours and days post-treatment, inflammation may increase, sometimes also associated with a high temperature. A method to reduce this response has not been found yet. The goal of this multi-centre randomized controlled trial is to to test if a diet which acts to mimic periodic fasting can influence responses in the mouth and throughout the body after treatment of gum disease in patients with advanced gum disease but general health conditions. Five Spanish centres (Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Universidad Internacional de Catalunya, Universidad de Murcia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Granada) will perform the clinical part of the study, whereas the King's College of London (Guy's Hospital) will provide the analyses and processing of the data. Researchers will include 28 patients in total. The main question it aims to answer is: \- Is a mimic periodic fasting (together with the classical gum treatment) effective at reducing the local and systemic inflammation provoked by the gum disease (and by the same treatment) in the short- and medium term? Although all participants will receive the necessary gum treatment (deep cleaning), researchers will randomly assign them to one of two groups. The test group will follow three cycles (the same day of the treatment, and 45- and 85 days after treatment) of 5 days each of a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD). The FMD program is a plant-based diet program designed to attain fasting-like effects while providing both macro- and micronutrients to minimize the burden of fasting and adverse effects. The FMD consists of 100% ingredients that are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) and comprises proprietary vegetable-based soups, en