Survival on Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) Versus Hemodialysis (HD) in China

Primary Objective: The primary objective is to prospectively assess and compare survival in subjects with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) randomized to Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) or Hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Secondary Objectives: The secondary objectives are to prospectively assess and compare the following parameters in subjects receiving PD or HD treatment: * Technique failure * Cause of death * Comorbidity status at baseline and changes throughout the study * Change in residual renal function (RRF) * Dialysis adequacy (i.e., Kt/Vurea) * Change in blood pressure, hemoglobin, and S-phosphate * Change in nutritional status * Occurrence of bacterial and other infections * Hospitalization, including number, duration, and underlying reason(s) * Systemic inflammation as assessed by high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) * Quality of life (QOL) Safety Objectives: To compare the nature and frequency of adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs), including abnormal laboratory test findings with clinical significance, in subjects receiving PD or HD treatment.