Med-AR: Autoregressive Vision-Language Pretraining for Long-Tailed Chest X-Ray Classification and Uncertainty-Aware Evaluation

Long-tailed chest X-ray classification requires visual representations that capture both common abnormalities and subtle, infrequent findings. We propose Med-AR-8B and Med-AR-2B, two radiology-native autoregressive vision-language models pretrained with structured reports, abnormality-focused text,