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AMO: Operator-level Adaptive Muon Orthogonalization

Zhuang, Xinlin et al.
arXiv (All) · Papers
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Muon has recently emerged as a competitive alternative to AdamW for large-scale pre-training, with orthogonalization via Newton-Schulz (NS) iteration as its core operation. Standard Muon applies a uniform NS schedule to all parameter matrices, overlooking possible differences in orthogonalization di
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