The Grumpy Meme and Irritability Ecology: How Low-Intensity Negative Affect Spreads, Survives, Sediments, and Becomes a Workplace Climate

Research on negative affect in organizations has largely focused on relatively visible phenomena such as anger, aggression, abusive supervision, workplace bullying, and incivility. Yet much of everyday organizational life unfolds between overt anger episodes, when no one is shouting but employees st