Google Canada Corporation v. Canada (Commissioner of Competition)

Decided: 2026-10-14. Docket: A-147-26. Citation: 2026 FCA 173 (CanLII). Procedure — Discovery — Relevance, materiality, proportionality — Whether refused discovery questions were properly assessed beyond logical relevance — Materiality and proportionality applied under Federal Courts Rules incorporated by Competition Tribunal Rules, Rule 34 — Tribunal considered cumulative burden and case needs — No reviewable error shown — Appeal dismissed | Procedure — Appeals — Standard of review — Whether appellants identified an extricable legal error in discovery rulings — Application of Housen v. Nikolaisen and Vavilov to mixed fact and law — Palpable and overriding error threshold emphasised — Tribunal afforded margin of appreciation as master of its own procedure — Appeal dismissed | Evidence — Pr