The Effect of Music Therapy on Pain and Anxiety in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Coronary artery disease is a frequently occurring, life-threatening disease that has caused high morbidity and mortality, and has resulted in a high rate of death, both in our country and worldwide over the past five years. The most commonly used method for the treatment of coronary artery disease is coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This surgery aims to restore blood flow to the myocardium, which has become inadequate due to blockage or stenosis in the coronary arteries that feed the heart, by using an artery graft and to prolong life to a better standard. Surgical procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting are psychologically, economically, socially, and physically detrimental to patients. Coronary artery bypass grafting, a major surgical procedure, can lead to serious postoperative complications. Some of these include postoperative pain and anxiety. Pain is one of the first complications observed, especially in the early postoperative period. The heart is one of the most important vital organs, and interventions in this regard trigger a fear of death in individuals and, consequently, cause them to experience significant anxiety after the operation. In addition to pharmacological methods, non-pharmacological methods are also used in pain and anxiety management. Music therapy is one of these methods used in the treatment of pain and anxiety. Music has always been a cultural and universal heritage of societies, present from past to present. Music therapy is a specialized field that incorporates the patient's body, mind, and spirit integrity, facilitates treatment using evidence-based practices, and utilizes all aspects of music within a therapeutic relationship to alleviate patient distress. Music therapy has consistently been a part of treatment methods from past to present and has been shown to have positive effects. Depression can affect stress hormones, leading to an increase in heart rate and an imbalance in oxygen demand. Disruption of sleep patt