Substrate Excitation and Topological Constraint _An Ontological Reconstruction of Wave-Particle Duality and Spacetime Curvature

Modern physics has achieved remarkable success in mathematical calculations and experimental predictions, yet it continues to face conceptual fragmentation and the overextension of mathematical tools at the level of fundamental ontological interpretation. The prevailing theoretical framework integrates continuous propagation and discrete detection results into "wave-particle duality," and directly equates the coordinate curvature of Riemannian geometry with the physical curvature of the real universe. This paper proposes the "Substrate Excitation Hypothesis," taking a flat, homogeneous Euclidean geometric space as the foundational substrate of physical reality. This framework replaces "curved spacetime" with a "local constraint field," and replaces "independent photon entities" with the "continuous wave-chain and discrete response of substrate excitation." While strictly maintaining observational equivalence with the effective calculation results of quantum mechanics and general relativity, this hypothesis aims to eliminate the ontological conflicts between them at a foundational level. Furthermore, this paper derives the deflection equation of wave vectors in a constraint field and the topological conservation law, and proposes testable predictions of "gravitational dispersion" and "excess decoherence of entanglement" for wave-chain propagation in strong gravitational fields.