SPARQL 1.1 Service Description @import url("local.css");
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em.rfc2119 { text-transform: lowercase; font-variant: small-caps; font-style: normal; } This version: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-sparql11-service-description-20130321/ Latest version: http://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-service-description/ Previous version: http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/PR-sparql11-service-description-20121108/ Editor: Gregory Todd Williams, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute <[email protected]> Please refer to the errata See also translations Copyright W3C ® MIT ERCIM Keio Beihang liability trademark document use This document describes SPARQL service description, a method for discovering, and vocabulary for describing SPARQL services made available via the SPARQL 1.1 Protocol for RDF SPROT May Be Superseded This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index Set of Documents This document is one of eleven SPARQL 1.1 Recommendations produced by the SPARQL Working Group SPARQL 1.1 Overview SPARQL 1.1 Query Language SPARQL 1.1 Update SPARQL1.1 Service Description SPARQL 1.1 Federated Query SPARQL 1.1 Query Results JSON Format SPARQL 1.1 Query Results CSV and TSV Formats SPARQL Query Results XML Format (Second Edition) SPARQL 1.1 Entailment Regimes SPARQL 1.1 Protocol SPARQL 1.1 Graph Store HTTP Protocol No Substantive Changes There have been no substantive changes to this document since the previous version change log color-coded diff Please Send Comments Please send any comments to [email protected] public archive SPARQL Working Group errata [email protected] public archive Endorsed By W3C This document has been reviewed by W3C Members, by software developers, and by other W3C groups and interested parties, and is endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web. Patents This document was produced by a group operating under the 5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy public list of any patent disclosures Essential Claim(s) section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy 1 Introduction Terminology Accessing a Service Description Service Description Vocabulary SPARQL Service Description Namespace and OWL Ontology Properties sd:endpoint sd:feature sd:defaultEntailmentRegime sd:entailmentRegime sd:defaultSupportedEntailmentProfile sd:supportedEntailmentProfile sd:extensionFunction sd:extensionAggregate sd:languageExtension sd:supportedLanguage sd:propertyFeature sd:defaultDataset sd:availableGraphs sd:resultFormat sd:inputFormat sd:defaultGraph sd:namedGraph sd:name sd:graph Classes sd:Service sd:Feature sd:Language sd:Function sd:Aggregate sd:EntailmentRegime sd:EntailmentProfile sd:GraphCollection sd:Dataset sd:Graph sd:NamedGraph Instances sd:SPARQL10Query sd:SPARQL11Query sd:SPARQL11Update sd:DereferencesURIs sd:UnionDefaultGraph sd:RequiresDataset sd:EmptyGraphs sd:BasicFederatedQuery Other Instances Example (Informative) RDF/XML Service Description Turtle Service Description Conformance A References Normative References Other References A SPARQL service description lists the features of a SPARQL service made available via the SPARQL 1.1 Protocol for RDF SPROT When this document uses the words MUST SHOULD MAY RFC2119 The following terms are also in use throughout this document: SPARQL Service Any implementation conforming to the SPARQL 1.1 Protocol for RDF SPARQL Protocol service SPROT SPARQL endpoint The URI at which a SPARQL Service listens for requests from clients. SPARQL services made available via the SPARQL Protocol SHOULD MUST MAY RDFa RDFA SHOULD content negotiation CONNEG The SPARQL service description namespace IRI is: http://www.w3.org/ns/sparql-service-description# The prefix used in this document for this namespace is sd An RDF encoding of the Service Description ontology is available by HTTP content negotiation from the namespace IRI Relates an instance of sd:Service SPARQL Protocol service SPROT type: owl:InverseFunctionalProperty domain: sd:Service Relates an instance of sd:Service domain: sd:Service range: sd:Feature Relates an instance of sd:Service sd:entailmentRegime subPropertyOf: sd:feature domain: sd:Service range: sd:EntailmentRegime Relates a named graph description with a resource representing an entailment regime used for basic graph pattern matching over that graph. domain: sd:NamedGraph range: sd:EntailmentRegime Relates an instance of sd:Service sd:defaultEntailmentRegime SPARQL 1.1 Entailment Regimes SPARQLENT Note that this specification does not make any conformance requirements on the compatibility of an advertised entailment profile with the advertised entailment regime in a service description. Providing a reasonable combination of values to the sd:entailmentRegime sd:defaultEntailmentRegime sd:supportedEntailmentProfile sd:defaultSupportedEntailmentProfile subPropertyOf: sd:feature domain: sd:Service range: sd:EntailmentProfile Relates a named graph description with a resource representing a supported profile of the entailment regime (as declared by sd:entailmentRegime domain: sd:NamedGraph range: sd:EntailmentProfile Relates an instance of sd:Service SELECT expression FILTER HAVING GROUP BY ORDER BY BIND subPropertyOf: sd:feature domain: sd:Service range: sd:Function Relates an instance of sd:Service HAVING SELECT expression supported aggregates subPropertyOf: sd:feature domain: sd:Service range: sd:Aggregate Relates an instance of sd:Service subPropertyOf: sd:feature domain: sd:Service range: sd:Feature Relates an instance of sd:Service subPropertyOf: sd:feature domain: sd:Service range: sd:Language Relates an instance of sd:Service subPropertyOf: sd:feature domain: sd:Service range: sd:Feature Relates an instance of sd:Service type: owl:InverseFunctionalProperty domain: sd:Service range: sd:Dataset Relates an instance of sd:Service domain: sd:Service range: sd:GraphCollection Relates an instance of sd:Service URIs for commonly used serialization formats are defined by Unique URIs for File Formats < http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/media_type < http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/preferred_suffix SHOULD domain: sd:Service range: < http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/Format Relates an instance of sd:Service LOAD statement sd:DereferencesURIs URIs for commonly used serialization formats are defined by Unique URIs for File Formats < http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/media_type < http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/preferred_suffix SHOULD domain: sd:Service range: < http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/Format Relates an instance of sd:Dataset domain: sd:Dataset range: sd:Graph Relates an instance of sd:GraphCollection sd:Dataset MUST sd:name MAY sd:graph domain: sd:GraphCollection range: sd:NamedGraph Relates a named graph to the name by which it may be referenced in a FROM/FROM NAMED clause. The object of the sd:name property is an IRI. domain: sd:NamedGraph Relates a named graph to its graph description. domain: sd:NamedGraph range: sd:Graph An instance of sd:Service type: rdfs:Class An instance of sd:Feature functions aggregates languages regimes profiles sd:Feature sd:DereferencesURIs sd:UnionDefaultGraph sd:RequiresDataset sd:EmptyGraphs sd:BasicFederatedQuery type: rdfs:Class An instance of sd:Language sd:Language sd:SPARQL10Query sd:SPARQL11Query sd:SPARQL11Update type: rdfs:Class subClassOf: sd:Feature An instance of sd:Function SELECT expression FILTER HAVING GROUP BY ORDER BY BIND type: rdfs:Class subClassOf: sd:Feature An instance of sd:Aggregate HAVING SELECT expression supported aggregates type: rdfs:Class subClassOf: sd:Feature An instance of sd:EntailmentRegime SPARQL 1.1 Query Language Unique URIs for Semantic Web Entailment Regimes ENTAILMENT type: rdfs:Class subClassOf: sd:Feature An instance of sd:EntailmentProfile MAY Unique URIs for OWL 2 Profiles OWL2PROF type: rdfs:Class subClassOf: sd:Feature An instance of sd:GraphCollection sd:GraphCollection MUST sd:namedGraph type: rdfs:Class An instance of sd:Dataset RDF Dataset The default graph of an sd:Dataset MUST sd:defaultGraph type: rdfs:Class subClassOf: sd:GraphCollection An instance of sd:Graph This document does not define properties with domain sd:Graph example below type: rdfs:Class An instance of sd:NamedGraph sd:name sd:graph type: rdfs:Class sd:SPARQL10Query sd:Language SPARQL 1.0 Query language QUERY10 type: sd:Language sd:SPARQL11Query sd:Language SPARQL 1.1 Query language QUERY11 type: sd:Language sd:SPARQLUpdate sd:Language SPARQL 1.1 Update language UPDATE11 type: sd:Language sd:DereferencesURIs sd:feature dereference AWWW FROM/FROM NAMED USING/USING NAMED type: sd:Feature sd:UnionDefaultGraph sd:feature type: sd:Feature sd:RequiresDataset sd:feature FROM/FROM NAMED USING/USING NAMED appropriate SPARQL Protocol parameters type: sd:Feature sd:EmptyGraphs sd:feature MUST NOT 3.1 Graph Update in SPARQL 1.1 Update type: sd:Feature sd:BasicFederatedQuery sd:feature SERVICE keyword SPARQL 1.1 Federation Extensions SPARQLFED type: sd:Feature Apart from the instances listed above, custom extensions and other documents may define further instance URIs usable within service descriptions; the following documents also list instance URIs that may be used with some of the properties defined in the previous sections: Unique URIs for Semantic Web Entailment Regimes ENTAILMENT sd:EntailmentRegime sd:defaultEntailmentRegime sd:entailmentRegime Unique URIs for OWL 2 Profiles OWL2PROF sd:EntailmentProfile sd:defaultSupportedEntailmentProfile sd:supportedEntailmentProfile Unique URIs for File Formats FORMATS < http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/Format sd:resultFormat sd:inputFormat The following HTTP traces illustrate the retrieval of a service description from the SPARQL endpoint http://www.example/sparql/ This RDF describes a SPARQL service available at the URL http://www.example/sparql/ http://example.org/Distance VOID Given the HTTP request: GET /sparql/ HTTP/1.1 Host: www.example the SPARQL service responds with an RDF/XML encoded service description (no content negotiation or RDFa encoding is used): HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Fri, 09 Oct 2009 17:31:12 GMT Server: Apache/1.3.29 (Unix) PHP/4.3.4 DAV/1.0.3 Connection: close Content-Type: application/rdf+xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:sd="http://www.w3.org/ns/sparql-service-description#" xmlns:prof="http://www.w3.org/ns/owl-profile/" xmlns:void="http://rdfs.org/ns/void#"> <sd:Service> <sd:endpoint rdf:resource="http://www.example/sparql/"/> <sd:supportedLanguage rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/ns/sparql-service-description#SPARQL11Query"/> <sd:resultFormat rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/RDF_XML"/> <sd:resultFormat rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/Turtle"/> <sd:feature rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/ns/sparql-service-description#DereferencesURIs"/> <sd:defaultEntailmentRegime rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/ns/entailment/RDFS"/> <sd:extensionFunction> <sd:Function rdf:about="http://example.org/Distance"/> </sd:extensionFunction> <sd:defaultDataset> <sd:Dataset> <sd:defaultGraph> <sd:Graph> <void:triples rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer">100</void:triples> </sd:Graph> </sd:defaultGraph> <sd:namedGraph> <sd:NamedGraph> <sd:name rdf:resource="http://www.example/named-graph"/> <sd:entailmentRegime rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/ns/entailment/OWL-RDF-Based"/> <sd:supportedEntailmentProfile rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/ns/owl-profile/RL"/> <sd:graph> <sd:Graph> <void:triples rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer">2000</void:triples> </sd:Graph> </sd:graph> </sd:NamedGraph> </sd:namedGraph> </sd:Dataset> </sd:defaultDataset> </sd:Service> </rdf:RDF> Given the HTTP request: GET /sparql/ HTTP/1.1 Host: www.example Accept: text/turtle the SPARQL service responds with a Turtle TURTLE HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Fri, 09 Oct 2009 17:31:12 GMT Server: Apache/1.3.29 (Unix) PHP/4.3.4 DAV/1.0.3 Connection: close Content-Type: text/turtle
@prefix sd: <http://www.w3.org/ns/sparql-service-description#> . @prefix ent: <http://www.w3.org/ns/entailment/> . @prefix prof: <http://www.w3.org/ns/owl-profile/> . @prefix void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#> .
[] a sd:Service ; sd:endpoint <http://www.example/sparql/> ; sd:supportedLanguage sd:SPARQL11Query ; sd:resultFormat <http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/RDF_XML>, <http://www.w3.org/ns/formats/Turtle> ; sd:extensionFunction <http://example.org/Distance> ; sd:feature sd:DereferencesURIs ; sd:defaultEntailmentRegime ent:RDFS ; sd:defaultDataset [ a sd:Dataset ; sd:defaultGraph [ a sd:Graph ; void:triples 100 ] ; sd:namedGraph [ a sd:NamedGraph ; sd:name <http://www.example/named-graph> ; sd:entailmentRegime ent:OWL-RDF-Based ; sd:supportedEntailmentProfile prof:RL ; sd:graph [ a sd:Graph ; void:triples 2000 ] ] ] .
<http://example.org/Distance> a sd:Function . A SPARQL service conformant with this specification: MUST 2 Accessing a Service Description The RDF content returned from dereferencing a service endpoint URL <service-endpoint-URL> MUST ?service sd:endpoint <service-endpoint-URL> . The RDF content returned MUST 3 Service Description Vocabulary [CONNEG] Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1, Content Negotiation [RFC2119] Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels [QUERY10] SPARQL Query Language for RDF [QUERY11] SPARQL 1.1 Query Language Latest version [SPROT] SPARQL 1.1 Protocol Latest version [UPDATE11] SPARQL 1.1 Update Latest version [AWWW] Architecture of the World Wide Web, Volume One [ENTAILMENT] Unique URIs for Semantic Web Entailment Regimes [FORMATS] Unique URIs for File Formats [OWL2PROF] Unique URIs for OWL 2 Profiles [RDFA] RDFa in XHTML: Syntax and Processing [SPARQLENT] SPARQL 1.1 Entailment Regimes Latest version [SPARQLFED] SPARQL 1.1 Federated Query Latest version [TURTLE] Turtle: Terse RDF Triple Language Latest version [VOID] Describing Linked Datasets with the voiD Vocabulary Latest version Change Log Changes since Proposed Recommendation Changed example to remove unused namespace prefix Changes since Last Call Aligned terminology with Protocol document and improved wording regarding SD access Clarified usage of sd:availableGraphs based on comment Updated references; moved changelog; hid cvs log