PART 94—POULTRY AND EGG PRODUCTS Authority: Secs. 2-28 of the Egg Products Inspection Act (84 Stat. 1620-1635; 21 U.S.C. 1031-1056), Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946, Secs. 202-208 as amended (60 Stat. 1087-1091; 7 U.S.C. 1621-1627). Source: 58 FR 42428, Aug. 9, 1993, unless otherwise noted. Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 94 appear at 61 FR 51352, Oct. 2 1996. Subpart A—Mandatory Analyses of Egg Products § 94.1 General. Microbiological, chemical, and physical analysis of liquid, frozen, and dried egg products is performed under authority of the Egg Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 1031-1056). § 94.2 Definitions. Words used in the regulations in this subpart in the singular form will import the plural, and vice versa, as the case may demand. As used throughout the regulations in this subpart, unless the context requires otherwise, the following terms will be construed to mean: Egg. Egg product. Mandatory sample. Salmonella Official plant. Pasteurize. Pesticide chemical, food additive, color additive, and raw agricultural commodity. Plant. Processing. [58 FR 42428, Aug. 9, 1993, as amended at 65 FR 64318, Oct. 26, 2000] § 94.3 Analyses performed and locations of laboratories. (a) Samples drawn by a USDA egg products inspector will be analyzed by AMS Science and Technology (S&T) personnel for microbiological, chemical, and physical attributes. The analytical results of these samples will be reported to the resident egg products inspector at the applicable plant on the official certificate. (b) Mandatory egg product samples for Salmonella Salmonella. (c) Mandatory egg product samples for chlorinated hydrocarbons are required and are submitted by the plant inspectors on a random basis. These samples screen for pesticide residues and industrial chemical contaminants in egg products. (d) Samples are drawn by a USDA egg products inspector to determine potential adulteration. These egg product samples may be analyzed for extraneous material, color, color additive, pesticide, heavy metal, microorganism, dextrin, or other substance. (e) The AMS Science and Technology's Eastern Laboratory shall conduct the majority of laboratory analyses for egg products. The analyses for mandatory egg product samples are performed at the following USDA location: USDA, AMS, Science & Technology, Eastern Laboratory (Microbiology), 2311-B Aberdeen Boulevard, Gastonia, NC 28054-0614. [58 FR 42428, Aug. 9, 1993, as amended at 59 FR 24325, May 10, 1994; 59 FR 50121, Sept. 30, 1994; 65 FR 64318, Oct. 26, 2000] § 94.4 Analytical methods. The majority of analytical methods used by the USDA laboratories to perform mandatory analyses for egg products are listed as follows: (a) Compendium Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, Carl Vanderzant and Don Splittstoesser (Editors), American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. (b) Edwards, P.R. and W.H. Ewing, Edwards and Ewing's Identification of Enterobacteriaceae, Elsevier Science, Inc., Regional Sales Office, 655 Avenue of the Americas, P.O. Box 945, New York, NY 10159-0945. (c) FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM), AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 481 North Frederick Avenue, Suite 500, Gaithersburg, MD 20877-2417. (d) Manual of Analytical Methods for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Human and Environmental Samples, EPA 600/9-80-038, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Chemical Exposure Research Branch, EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD), 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. (e) Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC INTERNATIONAL, Volumes I & II, AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 481 North Frederick Avenue, Suite 500, Gaithersburg, MD 20877-2417. (f) Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. (g) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association (APHA), the American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Water Pollution Control Federation, AWWA Bookstore, 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235. (h) Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste Physical/Chemical Methods, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste, SW-846 Integrated Manual (available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161). (i) U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Pesticide Analytical Manuals (PAM), Volumes I and II, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), 200 C Street, SW, Washington, DC 20204 (available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161). [65 FR 64318, Oct. 26, 2000] § 94.5 Charges for laboratory service. The costs for analysis of mandatory egg product samples at Science and Technology Division laboratories shall be paid by annually appropriated and designated funds allocated to the egg products inspection program. The costs for any other mandatory laboratory analyses and testing of an egg product's identity and condition, necessitated by the Egg Products Inspection Act, shall also be paid by such program funding. Subpart B—Voluntary Analyses of Egg Products § 94.100 General. Analyses for voluntary egg product samples may be requested to certify that specifications regarding stated identity, quality, and wholesomeness are met; to test routinely for the presence of Salmonella; § 94.101 Definitions. Words used in the regulations in this subpart in the singular form will import the plural, and vice versa, as the case may demand. As used throughout the regulations in this part, unless the context requires otherwise, the following terms will be construed to mean: Certification sample. Surveillance sample. Salmonella Salmonella Unofficial sample. § 94.102 Analyses available. A wide array of analyses for voluntary egg product samples is available. Voluntary egg product samples include surveillance, certification, and unofficial samples. The physical and chemical tests for voluntary egg products include analyses for total ash, fat by acid hydrolysis, moisture, salt, protein, beta-carotene, catalase, cholesterol, NEPA color, density, total solids, aflatoxin, daminozide and amitraz residues, BHA, BHT, alcohol, chlorinated hydrocarbon and fumigant residues, dextrin, heavy and light filth, glucose, glycerol and gums. In addition, egg products can be analyzed for high sucrose content, pH, heavy metals and minerals, monosodium dihydrogen phosphate, monosodium glutamate, nitrites, oxygen, palatability and odor, phosphorus, propylene glycol, SLS, and zeolex. There are also be tests for starch, total sugars, sugar profile, whey, standard plate count, direct microscopic count, Campylobacter, Escherichia Listeria Salmonella, Staphylococcus, § 94.103 Analytical methods. The analytical methods used by the Science and Technology Division laboratories to perform voluntary analyses for egg products shall be the same as listed in § 94.4. § 94.104 Fees and charges. (a) The fee charged for any single laboratory analysis of voluntary egg product samples shall be obtained from the schedules of charges in paragraph (a) of § 91.37 of this subchapter. (b) The charge for any requested laboratory analysis not listed shall be based on the standard hourly rate specified in § 91.37, paragraph (b). Subpart C—Salmonella Laboratory Recognition Program § 94.200 [Reserved] Subpart D—Processed Poultry Products § 94.300 General. Laboratory services of processed poultry products are conducted to derive their analytical attributes used to determine the compliance of the product with applicable specifications. § 94.301 Definitions. Words used in the regulations in this subpart in the singular form will import the plural, and vice versa, as the case may demand. As used throughout the regulations in this subpart, unless the context requires otherwise, the following terms will be construed to mean: Dark meat. Light meat. Poultry. Poultry product. § 94.302 Analyses available and locations of laboratories. (a) The Science and Technology Division laboratories will analyze processed poultry products for moisture, fat, salt, protein, nitrites, and added citric acid. (b) Deboned poultry for roasting will have the individual dark meat, light meat, and skin portions tumbled separately in the natural juices prior to grinding. The skin, light meat, and dark meat portion weight percentages of the total product are determined. The ground skin, ground dark meat, and ground light meat portions will be analyzed separately for moisture, protein, salt, and fat. Moisture to protein ratios will be reported also for the individual portions of poultry. (c) Canned boned poultry for a variety of USDA programs will be tested as a total can composite of the canned product for moisture, fat, salt, and protein analyses. Additional poultry commodities and related products for specific USDA sponsored programs will be tested for different chemical and physical attributes. (d) Microbiological analyses, as the Salmonella (e) The majority of analyses for processed poultry products shall be performed at the Science and technology Division Eastern Laboratory, as indicated in paragraph (e) of § 94.3. § 94.303 Analytical methods. The analytical methods used by the USDA laboratories to perform analyses for processed poultry products are found in the latest edition of the Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC INTERNATIONAL, Suite 500, 481 North Frederick Avenue, Gaithersburg, MD 20877-2417. [61 FR 51352, Oct. 2, 1996] § 94.304 Fees and charges. (a) The fee charged for any single laboratory analysis of processed poultry products shall be obtained from the schedules of charges in paragraph (a) of § 91.37 of this subchapter. (b) The laboratory analyses for processed poultry products shall result in an additional fee, found in Table 7 of § 91.37 of this subchapter, for sample preparation or grinding. (c) The charge for any requested laboratory analysis of processed poultry products not listed shall be based on the standard hourly rate specified in § 91.37 (b) of this subchapter.