PART 444—WASTE COMBUSTORS POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Authority: Secs. 301, 304, 306, 307, 308, 402, and 501 of the Clean Water Act, as amended; 33 U.S.C. 1311, 1314, 1316, 1317, 1318, 1342, and 1361. Source: 65 FR 4381, Jan. 27, 2000, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A—Commercial Hazardous Waste Combustor Subcategory § 444.10 Applicability. (a) The provisions of this part apply only to that portion of wastewater discharges that are associated with Commercial Hazardous Waste Combustor (CHWC) wastewater. (b) The discharge from a CHWC of wastewater that is not CHWC wastewater, may be subject to other applicable provisions of EPA's CWA effluent guidelines and standards regulations at subchapter N of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations. § 444.11 Definitions. As used in this part the general definitions and abbreviations in 40 CFR part 401 shall apply. Commercial hazardous waste combustor (1) The thermal unit is burning wastes that are not of a similar nature to wastes being burned from industrial processes on site or (2) There are no wastes being burned from industrial processes on site. Examples of wastes of a “similar nature” may include the following: Wastes generated in industrial operations whose wastewaters are subject to the same provisions in 40 CFR subchapter N or wastes burned as part of a product stewardship activity. The term commercial hazardous waste combustor includes the following facilities: a facility that burns exclusively waste received from off-site; and, a facility that burns both wastes generated on-site and wastes received from off-site. Facilities that may be commercial hazardous waste combustors include hazardous waste incinerators, rotary kiln incinerators, lime kilns, lightweight aggregate kilns, and boilers. A facility not otherwise a commercial hazardous waste combustor is not a commercial hazardous waste combustor if it burns RCRA hazardous waste for charitable organizations, as a community service or as an accommodation to local, state or government agencies so long as the waste is burned for no fee or other remuneration. Commercial hazardous waste combustor wastewater Off-site On-site Parameters (1) Arsenic (2) Cadmium (3) Chromium (4) Copper (5) Lead (6) Mercury (7) pH (8) Silver (9) Titanium (10) TSS (11) Zinc POTW § 444.12 Monitoring requirements. (a) Both direct and indirect discharges must monitor to establish compliance with their limitations and standards. Thus, all the permits of all direct dischargers must include requirements to monitor, according to EPA-approved test procedures, each pollutant limited in the permit, the volume of effluent discharged from each outfall, and other appropriate measurements subject to notification requirements. See 40 CFR 122.44(i). EPA's pretreatment regulations similarly require indirect dischargers to monitor to demonstrate compliance with pretreatment standards. See 40 CFR 403.12(g). (b) Incorporation by reference: (1) Compliance with the monitoring requirements may be accomplished using approved test procedures listed in the table to this paragraph. Most of these test procedures have previously been incorporated by reference at 40 CFR 136.3(a), Table IB. The test procedures for the regulated pollutants (arsenic, cadmium, chromium (total), copper, pH, lead, mercury, TSS, silver, titanium, and zinc) listed in the table to this paragraph are also incorporated by reference into this regulation. The full texts of the test procedures listed in this paragraph are available from the sources indicated in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. In addition to those test procedures incorporated by reference at 40 CFR 136.3(a), Table IB, you may also use EPA Method 200.8, “Determination of Trace Elements in Water and Wastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry,” from “Methods for Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples—Supplement I,” EPA-600/R-94-111, May 1994, and ASTM Method D 5673-96, “Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry,” from 1999 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, for determination of arsenic, cadmium, chromium (total), copper, lead, silver, and zinc. The full texts of these methods are incorporated by reference into this regulation and may be obtained from the sources identified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. List of Approved Inorganic Test Procedures Parameter, units and Reference (method number or page) EPA 1 16 Standard Methods [18th Edition] 6 ASTM USGS 2 Other 1. Arsenic—Total, 4 Digestion 4 206.5 AA gaseous hydride 206.3 3114B 4.d D2972-93(B) I-3062-85 AA furnace 206.2 3113B D2972-93(C) ICP/AES 15 5 3120 B Colorimetric (SDDC), or 206.4 3500-As C D2972-93(A) I-3060-85 ICP/MS 7 D5673-96 17 2. Cadmium—Total, 4 4 AA direct aspiration 15 213.1 3111 B or C D3557-90(A or B) I-3135-85 or 974.27, 3 AA furnace 213.2 3113 B D3557-90(D) ICP/AES 15 5 3120 B DCP 15 D4190-82(88) I-1472-85 ( 14 Voltametry 9 Colorimetric (Dithizone), or 3500-Cd D D3557-90(C) ICP/MS 7 D5673-96 17 3. Chromium-Total, 4 4 AA direct aspiration 15 218.1 3111 B D1687-92(B) I-3236-85 974.27. 3 AA chelation-extraction 218.3 3111 C AA furnace 218.2 3113 B D1687-92(C) ICP/AES 15 5 3120 B DCP 15 D4190-82(88) ( 14 Colorimetric (Diphenylcarbazide), or 3500-Cr D ICP/MS 7 D5673-96 17 4. Copper—Total, 4 4 AA direct aspiration 15 220.1 3111 B or C D1688-90(A or B) I-3270-85 or I-3271-85 974.27 3 8 AA furnace 220.2 3113 B D1688-90(C) ICP/AES 15 5 3120 B DCP 15 D4190-82(88) ( 14 Colorimetric (Neocuproine) or 3500-Cu D (Bicinchoninate), or or E ( 10 ICP/MS 7 D5673-96 17 5. Hydrogen ion (pH), pH units: Electrometric measurement 150.1 4500-H + B D1293-84 (90)(A or B) I-1586-85 973.41. Automated electrode ( 11 6. Lead—Total, 4 4 AA direct aspiration 15 239.1 3111 B or C D3559-90(A or B) I-3399-85 974.27. 3 AA furnace 239.2 3113 B D3559-90(D) ICP/AES 15 5 3120 B DCP 15 D4190-82(88) ( 14 Voltametry 9 D3559-90(C) Colorimetric (Dithizone), or 3500-Pb D ICP/MS 7 D5673-96 17 7. Mercury—Total, 4 Cold vapor, manual or 245.1 3112 B D3223-91 I-3462-85 977.22. 3 Automated 245.1 8. Residue—nonfilterable (TSS), mg/L: Gravimetric, 103-105-post washing of residue 160.2 2540 D I-3765-85 9. Silver—Total, 4 4 12 AA direct aspiration 272.1 3111 B or C I-3720-85 974.27 3 8 AA furnace 272.2 3113 B ICP/AES 5 3120 B DCP, or ( 14 ICP/MS 7 D5673-96 17 10. Titanium—Total, 4 4 AA direct aspiration 283.1 3111 D AA furnace, or 283.2 DCP ( 14 11. Zinc—Total, 4 4 AA direct aspiration 15 289.1 3111 B or C D1691-90(A) or B) I-3900-85 974.27, 3 8 AA furnace 289.2 ICP/AES 15 5 3120 B DCP 15 D4190-82(88) ( 14 Colorimetric (Dithizone) or 3500-Zn E (Zincon), or 3500-Zn F ( 13 ICP/MS 7 D5673-96 17 Table Notes: 1 2 3 4 Note. Dissolved metals are defined as those constituents which will pass through a 0.45 micron membrane filter. Following filtration of the sample, the referenced procedure for total metals must be followed. Sample digestion of the filtrate for dissolved metals (or digestion of the original sample solution for total metals) may be omitted for AA (direct aspiration or graphite furnace) and ICP analyses, provided the sample solution to be analyzed meets the following criteria: a. Has a low COD (<20) b. Is visibly transparent with a turbidity measurement of 1 NTU or less c. Is colorless with no perceptible odor, and d. Is of one liquid phase and free of particulate or suspended matter following acidification. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 2 3 13 14 15 16 17 (2) The full texts of the methods from the following references which are cited in the table in paragraph (b)(1) of this section are incorporated by reference into this regulation and may be obtained from the sources identified. All costs cited are subject to change and must be verified from the indicated sources. The full texts of all the test procedures cited are available for inspection at the Analytical Methods Staff, Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460 or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. Appendix to § 444.12( b (1) “Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes,” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-600/4-79-020, Revised March 1983 and 1979 where applicable. Available from: ORD Publications, CERI, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. [Note 1] (2) “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.” Joint Editorial Board, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and Water Environment Federation, 18th Edition, 1992. Available from: American Public Health Association, 1015 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. [Note 6] (3) “Annual Book of ASTM Standards—Water and Environmental Technology,” Section 11, Volumes 11.01 (Water I) and 11.02 (Water II), 1994. [1996 for D5673-96; see Note 17]. American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103. (4) “Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples—Supplement I”, National Exposure Risk Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, EPA 600 R-94/111, May 1994. [Notes 5 and 7] (5) “Methods for Determination of Inorganic Substances in Water and Fluvial Sediments,” by M.J. Fishman and Linda C. Friedman, Techniques of Water Resources Investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey, Book 5 Chapter A1 (1989). Available from: U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. Cost: $108.75 (subject to change). [Note 2] (6) “Closed Vessel Microwave Digestion of Wastewater Samples for Determination of Metals,” CEM Corporation, P.O. Box 200, Matthews, North Carolina 28106-0200, April 16, 1992. Available from the CEM Corporation. [Note 15] (7) “Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC—International, 15th Edition,” 1990. Price: $359.00. Available from: AOAC—International, 1970 Chain Bridge Rd., Dept. 0742, McLean, VA 22109-0742. [Note 3] (8) “American National Standard on Photographic Processing Effluents,” April 2, 1975. Available from: American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036. [Note 8] (9) Bicinchoninate Method for Copper. Method 8506, Hach Handbook of Water Analysis, 1979, Method and price available from Hach Chemical Company, P.O. Box 300, Loveland, Colorado 80537. [Note 10] (10) Hydrogen Ion (pH) Automated Electrode Method, Industrial Method Number 378-75WA. October 1976. Bran & Luebbe (Technicon) Auto Analyzer II. Method and price available from Bran & Luebbe Analyzing Technologies, Inc. Elmsford, N.Y. 10523. [Note 11] (11) Zincon Method for Zinc, Method 8009. Hach Handbook for Water Analysis, 1979. Method and price available from Hach Chemical Company, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80537. [Note 13] (12) “Direct Current Plasma (DCP) Optical Emission Spectrometric Method for Trace Elemental Analysis of Water and Wastes,” Method AES 0029, 1986 Revised 1991, Thermo Jarrell Ash Corporation (508-520-1880), 27 Forge Parkway, Franklin, MA 02038. [Note 14] [65 FR 4381, Jan. 27, 2000, as amended at 65 FR 70315, Nov. 22, 2000; 69 FR 18803, Apr. 9, 2004] § 444.13 Effluent limitations attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT). Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the application of BPT: Effluent Limitations 1 Regulated Maximum daily Maximum monthly avg. TSS 113,000 34,800 Arsenic 84 72 Cadmium 71 26 Chromium 25 14 Copper 23 14 Lead 57 32 Mercury 2.3 1.3 Silver 13 8 Titanium 60 22 Zinc 82 54 pH ( 2 ( 2 1 2 § 444.14 Effluent limitations attainable by the application of the best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the application of BCT: Limitations for TSS and pH are the same as the corresponding limitation specified in § 444.13. § 444.15 Effluent limitations attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT). Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the application of BAT: Limitations for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, silver, titanium and zinc are the same as the corresponding limitation specified in § 444.13. § 444.16 Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES). Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any source that introduces wastewater pollutants into a POTW must comply with part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards: Pretreatment Standards 1 Regulated Maximum daily Maximum monthly avg. Arsenic 84 72 Cadmium 71 26 Chromium 25 14 Copper 23 14 Lead 57 32 Mercury 2.3 1.3 Silver 13 8 Titanium 60 22 Zinc 82 54 1 § 444.17 New source performance standards (NSPS). Any new source subject to this subpart must achieve the following performance standards: Standards for TSS, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, silver, titanium, zinc and pH are the same as the corresponding limitation specified in § 444.13. § 444.18 Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS). Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7, any source that introduces wastewater pollutants into a POTW must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards: Standards for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, silver, titanium and zinc are the same as the corresponding limitation specified in § 444.16. [65 FR 4381, Jan. 27, 2000; 65 FR 33423, May 23, 2000] Subpart B [Reserved]