From concept to system: Policy proposals for recognition of prior learning to advance lifelong learning in Thailand

In the context of rapid economic, social, and technological changes, lifelong learning has become an important agenda for human resource development and the promotion of national sustainability. The Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) system has been internationally recognized as an important mechanism for recognizing learning acquired through prior experience, non-formal learning, and informal learning, as well as for supporting flexible learning pathways. This article aims to synthesize the conceptual framework of the Recognition of Prior Learning system, comparatively analyze lessons learned from Australia, New Zealand, and Canada, and develop policy recommendations for Thailand. The study employs documentary analysis and policy literature review together with comparative case analysis. The findings reveal that the success of the system depends on the design of a “policy architecture” that connects key components, including a national governance structure, a learning outcomes-based qualifications framework, an assessment and quality assurance system, and stakeholder participation. Furthermore, the article proposes an analytical framework emphasizing “system coherence” and “policy balance” between standardization and flexibility. It argues that the effectiveness of the system does not depend solely on centralization or decentralization, but rather on the ability to integrate policy, structure, and implementation across all levels in a holistic manner. Accordingly, the article recommends that Thailand develop a national governance mechanism, integrate the Recognition of Prior Learning system with the National Qualifications Framework, strengthen assessment and quality assurance systems, and promote collaboration among government agencies, educational institutions, industry, and communities. These measures will enable the effective implementation of the system and support lifelong learning that is flexible, inclusive, and equitable in a sustainable manner.