Recognition of prior learning in thailand: Toward an inclusive framework for lifelong learning

In the face of rapid technological change and evolving labor demands, the recognition of non-formal and informal learning—known as Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) is increasingly vital for equitable, sustainable development. This study examines the current state of RPL in Thailand, highlighting its potential role in expanding access to education and employment, especially for marginalized groups. Through a documentary research approach, the study analyzes RPL-related laws, policies, and institutional frameworks in Thailand, particularly those led by the Ministry of Education and the Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education (ONIE). It also draws comparative insights from advanced RPL systems in Australia, New Zealand, and Canada to identify effective practices adaptable to the Thai context. Findings reveal key challenges in Thailand’s RPL system, including fragmented implementation, lack of standard assessment criteria, limited assessor training, weak alignment with the Thai Qualifications Framework (TQF), and low public awareness—issues that disproportionately affect informal workers, rural populations, and ethnic minorities. By contrast, countries like Australia and New Zealand offer models of integrated RPL systems grounded in national qualification frameworks, centralized coordination, and digital platforms. These systems ensure transparency, quality assurance, and alignment with labor markets. In response, the study proposes a four-pillar framework to enhance RPL in Thailand: (1) centralized policy governance; (2) standardized, competency-based assessments; (3) institutional and human capacity building; and (4) inclusive outreach supported by digital tools. These reforms aim to make RPL a powerful driver of lifelong learning and social equity in line with SDG 4 targets.