Theory of Unity Formation

This work develops a Theory of Unity Formation that seeks to explain how unities emerge and become the basis of meaning, knowledge, actuality, and world. It begins with the obser-vation that philosophy traditionally operates with entities, objects, concepts, and structures as if they were already given. The central question of the investigation is therefore not what unities are, but how they become possible in the first place. The theory argues that unities are not original givens but the results of processes of differen-tiation, relevance formation, integration, stabilization, and explication. Rather than starting from substance, identity, or fixed structures, the analysis reconstructs the conditions under which something can appear as a distinguishable and stable unity. Methodologically, the study adopts a genetic-reconstructive approach that focuses on the emergence of structures rather than on their presupposition. A central thesis of the work is that affective differentiation and emotional relevance forma-tion constitute the primary conditions of unity formation. Differences do not become effec-tive simply because they exist; they become effective because they acquire affective signifi-cance and emotional binding. Emotion is therefore not treated as a secondary accompani-ment of cognition but as a constitutive condition of the formation of meaning, orientation, and actuality. On this basis, the work develops a process-oriented account of concepts, knowledge, objec-tivity, and truth. Concepts are understood as forms of explication of already stabilized uni-ties. Objectivity is interpreted as the mode of appearance of sufficiently stabilized and reconstructable unities. Truth is conceived neither as correspondence nor merely as cohe-rence, but as the successful stabilization and practical vindication of formations of actuality under conditions of ongoing openness to reality. The investigation further distinguishes systematically between actuality and reality. Actuali-ty refers to the order of stabilized unity formations through which the world becomes intel-ligible, while reality functions as a limiting concept that exceeds every possible determina-tion and prevents actuality from being mistaken for reality itself. This distinction allows the theory to avoid both dogmatism and relativism. The Theory of Unity Formation thus proposes a shift from the analysis of given entities to the reconstruction of the processes through which entities, meanings, identities, and worlds emerge. In doing so, it offers a unified framework for understanding cognition, emotion, objectivity, and world constitution as interconnected dimensions of unity formation.