An Ontological Approach to Dilemma Resolution

Dilemmas in moral, cognitive, and computational domains resist resolution within classical, deontic, or probabilistic frameworks due to their contextual and evolving structure. This paper introduces D-logic, an ontological formalism grounded in acts of differentiation rather than propositional truth. D-logic models dilemmas as unstable configurations of distinctions, resolving them through recursive differentiation and phase transitions that enhance coherence and stabilize relational structures. Unlike static approaches such as deontic logic or game theory, D-logic derives logical form from relational differences modulated by dynamic aspects, enabling flexible reconfiguration rather than adherence to fixed rules. Formal definitions and theorems provide the theoretical foundation, while simulations demonstrate its application to cognitive conflict and structural incoherence. These results show that D-logic can handle both contradictions and systemic gaps, offering a unified treatment of conflict, uncertainty, and emergent structure. The framework opens new avenues for philosophical logic, artificial intelligence, and cognitive modeling by reframing reasoning as an ongoing ontological process of differentiation.