PART 155—CANNED VEGETABLES Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321, 341, 343, 348, 371, 379e. Source: 42 FR 14449, Mar. 15, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A—General Provisions § 155.3 Definitions. For the purposes of this part: (a) The procedure for determining drained weight is set forth in the “Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists,” 13th Ed. (1980), sections 32.001-32.003, which is incorporated by reference. Copies are available from the AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 481 North Frederick Ave., suite 500, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, or available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (b) Compliance (1) Quality. (2) Fill of container. (3) Drained weight. (c) The sampling and acceptance procedure (1) Definitions Lot. (ii) Lot size. (iii) Sample size. (iv) Sample unit. (v) Defective. (vi) Acceptance number (c). (vii) Acceptable quality level (AQL). (2) Sampling plans. Lot size (primary containers Size of container n 1 c 2 net weight equal to or less than 1 kg (2.2 lb) 4,800 or less 13 2 4,801 to 24,000 21 3 24,001 to 48,000 29 4 48,001 to 84,000 48 6 84,001 to 144,000 84 9 144,001 to 240,000 126 13 Over 240,000 200 19 net weight greater than 1 kg (2.2 lb) but not more than 4.5 kg (10 lb) 2,400 or less 13 2 2,401 to 15,000 21 3 15,001 to 24,000 29 4 24,001 to 42,000 48 6 42,001 to 72,000 84 9 72,001 to 120,000 126 13 Over 120,000 200 19 net weight greater than 4.5 kg (10 lb) 600 or less 13 2 601 to 2,000 21 3 2,001 to 7,200 29 4 7,201 to 15,000 48 6 15,001 to 24,000 84 9 24,001 to 42,000 126 13 Over 42,000 200 19 1 n 2 c (d) Strength and redness of color Disc 1—Red (5R 2.6/13) (glossy finish) Disc 2—Yellow (2.5 YR 5/12) (glossy finish) Disc 3—Black (N1) (glossy finish) Disc 4—Grey (N4) (mat finish) Such comparison is to be made in full diffused daylight or under a diffused light source of approximately 2691 lux (250 footcandles) and having a spectral quality approximating that of daylight under a moderately overcast sky, with a correlated color temperature of 7,500 degrees Kelvin ±200 degrees. With the light source directly over the disc and product, observation is made at an angle of 45 degrees from a distance of about 24 inches from the product. Electronic color meters may be used as an alternate means of determining the color of tomato concentrates. Such meters shall be calibrated to indicate that the color of the product is as red or more red than that produced by spinning the Munsell color discs in the combination as set out above. (e) Tomato soluble solids http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (f) Salt [45 FR 43398, June 27, 1980, as amended at 47 FR 11831, Mar. 19, 1982; 48 FR 3954, Jan. 28, 1983; 54 FR 24895, June 12, 1989; 63 FR 14035, Mar. 24, 1998] Subpart B—Requirements for Specific Standardized Canned Vegetables § 155.120 Canned green beans and canned wax beans. (a) Identity Definition. Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineus (2) Optional color and varietal types and styles of pack. (i) Optional color types. a b (ii) Optional varietal types a Round. 1/2 ( b Flat. 1/2 (iii) Optional styles of pack a Whole. ( b Shoestring or sliced lengthwise or French style. ( c Cuts. ( d Short cuts. 1/4 ( e Diagonal cuts. c ( f Diagonal short cuts. d ( g Mixture. a f (3) Optional ingredients. (i) Salt. (ii) Monosodium glutamate. (iii) Disodium inosinate. (iv) Disodium guanylate. (v) Hydrolyzed vegetable protein. (vi) Autolyzed yeast extract. (vii) Nutritive carbohydrate sweeteners. (viii) Spice. (ix) Flavoring (except artificial). (x) Pieces of green or red peppers or mixtures of both, either of which may be dried, or other vegetables not exceeding in total 15 percent by weight of the finished product. (xi) Vinegar. (xii) Lemon juice or concentrated lemon juice. (xiii) Glucono delta-lactone. (xiv) Mint leaves. (xv) Butter or margarine in a quantity of not less than 3 percent by weight of the finished product. When butter or margarine is added, emulsifiers or stabilizers, or both, may be added. No spice or flavoring simulating the color or flavor imparted by butter or margarine is used. (4) Labeling. (ii) The following shall be included as part of the name or in conjunction with the name of the food: ( a ( b ( c ( d 1/2 (iii) The following may be included in the name of the food: ( a ( b (iv) If a term designating diameter is used, it shall be supported by an exact graphic representation of the cross section of the bean pod or by a statement of the maximum diameter in common or decimal fractions of an inch and, optionally, by the millimeter equivalent stated parenthetically. The diameter of a whole, cut, diagonal cut, or short cut is determined by measuring the thickest portion of the pod at the shorter diameter of the bean perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. (5) Label declaration. (b) Quality. (i) In the case of cut beans and diagonal cut beans under paragraphs (a)(2)(iii) ( c d g Provided, (ii) In case there are present pods or pieces of pods 10.7 mm ( 27/64 (iii) The deseeded pods contain not more than 0.15 percent by weight of fibrous material. (iv) There are not more than 10 percent by weight of blemished units of which amount not more than one-half may be materially damaged by insect or pathological injury. A unit is considered blemished when the aggregate blemished area exceeds the area of a circle 3 mm ( 1/8 (v) There are not more than 8 unstemmed units per 340 g (12 oz) drained weight. (vi) The combined number of leaves, detached stems, and other extraneous vegetable matter shall not average more than 3 pieces per 340 g (12 oz) drained beans. (2) Canned beans shall be tested by the following method to determine whether they meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this section: (i) Determine the gross weight of the container. Open and distribute the contents of the container over the meshes of a U.S. No. 8 circular sieve with openings of 2.36 mm (0.0937 in), which has been previously weighed. The diameter of the sieve is 20.3 cm (8 in) if the quantity of contents of the container is less than 1.36 kg (3 lb) and 30.5 cm (12 in) if such quantity is 1.36 kg (3 lb) or more. The bottom of the sieve is woven-wire cloth that complies with the specifications of such cloth set forth in “Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists,” 15th ed. (1990), vol. 2, p. xii, Table 1, “Nominal Dimensions of Standard Test Sieves (USA Standard Series),” under the heading “Definitions of Terms and Explanatory Notes,” which is incorporated by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies may be obtained from the AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 481 North Frederick Ave., suite 500, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, or may be examined at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (ii) Pour the drained material from the sieve into a flat tray and spread it in a layer of fairly uniform thickness. Count the total number of units. For the purpose of this count, loose seeds, pieces of seed, loose stems, and extraneous material are not to be included. Divide the number of units by the drained weight recorded in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section and multiply by 340 to obtain the number of units per 340 g (12 oz) drained weight. (iii) Examine the drained material in the tray, weigh and record weight of blemished units, count and record the number of unstemmed units; and, in case the material consists of the optional ingredient specified in paragraph (a)(2)(iii) ( c d f ( a ( b (iv) Remove from the tray the extraneous vegetable material, count, record count, and return to tray. (v) Remove from the tray one or more representative samples of 99 to 113 g (3 1/2 (vi) From each representative sample selected in paragraph (b)(2)(v) of this section, discard any loose seed and extraneous vegetable material and detach and discard any attached stems. Except with optional style of ingredient specified in paragraph (a)(2)(iii)( b (vii) If strings have been removed for testing, as prescribed in paragraph (b)(2)(vi) of this section, test them as follows: Fasten clamp, weighted to 250 g (8.8 oz.), to one end of the string, grasp the other end with the fingers (a cloth may be used to aid in holding the string), and lift gently. Count the string as tough if it supports the 250 g (8.8 oz.) weight for at least 5 seconds. If the string breaks before 5 seconds, test such parts into which it breaks as are 13 mm ( 1/2 (viii) Combine the deseeded pods with the trimmings reserved in paragraph (b)(2)(vi) of this section, and, if strings were tested as prescribed in paragraph (b)(2)(vii) of this section, add such strings broken or unbroken. Weigh and record weight of combined material. Transfer to the metal cup of a malted-milk stirrer and mash with a pestle. Wash material adhering to the pestle back into cup with 200 cc of boiling water. Bring mixture nearly to a boil, add 25 cc of 50 percent (by weight) sodium hydroxide solution and bring to a boil. (If foaming is excessive, 1 cc of capryl alcohol may be added.) Boil for 5 minutes, then stir for 5 minutes with a malted-milk stirrer capable of a no-load speed of at least 7,200 rpm. Use a rotor with two scalloped buttons shaped as shown in exhibit 1 as follows: Transfer the material from the cup to a previously weighed 30-mesh monel metal screen having a diameter of about 9-10 cm (3 1/2 1/8 1/4 (ix) If the drained weight recorded in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section was less than 340 g (12 oz.), open and examine separately for extraneous material, as directed in paragraph (b)(2)(iv) of this section, additional containers until a total of not less than 340 g (12 oz.) of drained material is obtained. To determine the number of pieces of extraneous vegetable material per 340 g (12 oz.) of drained weight, total the number of pieces of extraneous vegetable material found in all containers opened, divide this sum by the sum of the drained weights in these containers and multiply by 340. (3) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b) except that a lot shall be deemed to be in compliance for extraneous plant material based on an average of all containers examined. (4) If the quality of the canned green beans or canned wax beans falls below the standard of quality prescribed by paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard quality specified in § 130.14(a) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified; but in lieu of the words prescribed for the second line inside the rectangle the following words may be used, when the quality of canned green beans or canned wax beans falls below the standard in one only of the following respects: (i) “Excessive number very short pieces”, if the canned green beans or canned wax beans fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section. (ii) “Excessive number blemished units”, if they fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(iv) of this section. (iii) “Excessive number unstemmed units”, if they fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(v) of this section. (iv) “Excessive foreign material”, if they fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(vi) of this section. [42 FR 14449, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 42 FR 30359, 30360, June 14, 1977; 45 FR 43398, June 27, 1980; 47 FR 11831, Mar. 19, 1982; 49 FR 10101, Mar. 19, 1984; 57 FR 34245, Aug. 4, 1992; 58 FR 2882, Jan. 6, 1993; 63 FR 14035, Mar. 24, 1998] § 155.130 Canned corn. (a) Identity Definition. (2) Styles. Zea mays (i) Whole kernel or whole grain or cut kernel consisting of whole or substantially whole cut kernels packed with a liquid medium. (ii) Cream style consisting of whole or partially whole cut kernels packed in a creamy component from the corn kernels and other liquid or other ingredients to form a product of creamy consistency. (3) Optional ingredients. (i) Salt. (ii) Monosodium glutamate. (iii) Disodium inosinate. (iv) Disodium guanylate. (v) Hydrolyzed vegetable protein. (vi) Autolyzed yeast extract. (vii) Nutritive carbohydrate sweeteners. (viii) Spice. (ix) Flavoring (except artificial). (x) Citric acid. (xi) Starch or food starch-modified in cream style corn when necessary to ensure smoothness. (xii) Seasonings and garnishes. ( a ( b ( c ( d (4) Labeling. (i) The optional style of the corn ingredient as specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. (ii) The words “vacuum pack” or “vacuum packed” when the corn ingredient is as specified in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section and the weight of the liquid in the container, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section, is not more than 20 percent of the net weight, and the container is closed under conditions creating a high vacuum in the container. (iii) The color type used only when the product consists of white corn. (iv) The color type used only when the product consists of white corn. (5) Label declaration. (b) Quality. (i) When tested by the method prescribed in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, canned whole-kernel corn (paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section): ( a ( b ( c ( d (ii) When tested by the method prescribed in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, canned cream style corn (paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section): ( a ( b ( c ( d ( e (iii)( a ( b (2) The method referred to in paragraph (b)(1) of this section for testing whole-kernel corn (paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section) is as follows: (i) Determine the gross weight of the container. Open and distribute the contents of the container over the meshes of a U.S. No. 8 circular sieve which has previously been weighed. The diameter of the sieve is 20.3 cm. (8 inches) if the quantity of the contents of the container is less than 1.36 kg. (3 pounds), and 30.5 cm. (12 inches) if such quantity is 1.36 kg. (3 pounds) or more. The bottom of the sieve is woven-wire cloth that complies with the specifications for such sieve set forth in the “Definitions of Terms and Explanatory Notes” prescribed in “Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists,” 13th Ed. (1980), Table 1, “Nominal Dimensions of Standard Test Sieves (U.S.A. Standard Series),” under the heading “Definitions of Terms and Explanatory Notes,” which is incorporated by reference. Copies may be obtained from the AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 481 North Frederick Ave., suite 500, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, or may be examined at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (ii) Pour the drained material from the sieve into a flat tray and spread it in a layer of fairly uniform thickness. Count, but do not remove, the brown or black discolored kernels or pieces of kernel and calculate the number per 400 g. (14 ounces) of drained material. Remove pieces of silk more than 12.7 mm. (one-half inch) long, husk, cob, and any pieces of material other than corn. Measure the aggregate length of such pieces of silk and calculate the length of silk per 28 g. (1 ounce) of drained weight. Spread the husk flat, measure its aggregate area, and calculate the area of husk per 400 g. (14 ounces) of drained weight. Place all pieces of cob under a measured amount of water in a cylinder which is so graduated that the volume can be measured to 0.1 cubic centimeter. Take the increase in volume as the aggregate volume of the cob and calculate the volume of cob per 400 g. (14 ounces) of drained weight. (iii) Comminute representative 100 g. sample of the drained corn from which the silk, husk, cob, and other material which is not corn (i.e., peppers) have been removed. An equal amount of water is used to facilitate this operation. Weigh to nearest 0.01 g. a portion of the comminuted material equivalent to approximately 10 g. of the drained corn into a 600 cubic centimeter beaker. Add 300 cubic centimeters of 80 percent alcohol (by volume), stir, cover beaker, and bring to a boil. Simmer slowly for 30 minutes. Fit a Buchner funnel with a previously prepared filter paper of such sizes that its edges extend 12.7 mm. (one-half inch) or more up the vertical sides of the funnel. The previous preparation of the filter paper consists of drying it in a flat-bottomed dish for 2 hours at 100 °C, covering the dish with a tight fitting cover, cooling it in a desiccator, and promptly weighing to the nearest 0.001 g. After the filter paper is fitted to the funnel, apply suction and transfer the contents of the beaker to the funnel. Do not allow any of the material to run over the edge of the paper. Wash the material on the filter with 80 percent alcohol (by volume) until the washings are clear and colorless. Transfer the filter paper with the material retained thereon to the dish used in preparing the filter paper. Dry the material in a ventilated oven, without covering the dish, for 2 hours at 100 °C. Place the cover on the dish, cool it in a desiccator, and promptly weigh to the nearest 0.001 g. From this weight subtract the weight of the dish, cover, and paper as previously found. Calculate the remainder to percentage. (3) The method referred to in paragraph (b)(1) of this section for testing cream-style corn (paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section) is as follows: (i) Allow the container to stand at least 24 hours at a temperature of 68 °F to 85 °F. Determine the gross weight, open, transfer the contents into a pan, and mix thoroughly in such a manner as not to incorporate air bubbles. (If the net contents of a single container is less than 510 g. (18 ounces) determine the gross weight, open, and mix the contents of the least number of containers necessary to obtain 510 g. (18 ounces). Fill level full a hollow, truncated cone so placed on a polished horizontal plate as to prevent leakage. The cone has an inside bottom diameter of 7.62 cm. (3 inches), inside top diameter of 5.08 cm. (2 inches), and height of 12.30 cm. (4 27/32 (ii) Transfer the material from the plate, cone, and pan onto a U.S. No. 8 sieve as prescribed in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section. The diameter of the sieve is 20.3 cm. (8 inches) if the quantity of the contents of the container is less than 1.36 kg. (3 pounds), and 30.5 cm. (12 inches) if such quantity is 1.36 kg. (3 pounds) or more. Set the sieve in a pan. Add enough water to bring the level within 9.53 mm. (three-eighth inch) to 6.35 mm. (one-fourth inch) of the top of the sieve. Gently wash the material on the sieve by combined up-and-down and circular motion for 30 seconds. Repeat washing with a second portion of water. Remove sieve from pan, incline to facilitate drainage, and drain for 2 minutes. (iii) From the material remaining on the U.S. No. 8 sieve, count, but do not remove, the brown or black discolored kernels or pieces of kernel and calculate the number per 600 g. (21.4 ounces) of net weight. Remove pieces of silk more than 12.7 mm. (one-half inch) long, husk, cob, and other material which is not corn (i.e., peppers). Measure aggregate length of such pieces of silk and calculate the length per 28 g. (ounce) of net weight. Spread the husk flat and measure its aggregate area and calculate the area per 600 g. (21.4 ounces) of net weight. Place all pieces of cob under a measured amount of water in a cylinder which is so graduated that the volume may be measured to 0.1 cubic centimeter. Take the increase in volume as the aggregate volume of the cob and calculate the volume of cob per 600 g. (21.4 ounces) of net weight. Take a representative 100 g. sample of the material remaining on the U.S. No. 8 sieve (if such material weighs less than 100 g. take all of it) and determine the alcohol-insoluble solids as prescribed in paragraph (b)(2)(iii) of this section for whole kernel corn. (4) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). (5) If the quality of canned corn falls below the standard prescribed in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard quality specified in § 130.14(a) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified; however, if the quality of the canned corn falls below standard with respect to only one of the factors of quality specified by paragraphs (b)(1)(i) ( a d a e (i)( a a (i)( b b (i)( c c (i)( d d (ii)( e (c) Fill of container. (i) Except in the case of vacuum pack corn the fill of the corn ingredient and packing medium, as determined by the general method for fill of container prescribed in § 130.12(b) of this chapter, is not less than 90 percent of the total capacity of the container. (ii) In whole kernel corn, the drained weight of the corn ingredient, determined by the procedure set forth in § 155.3, shall not be less than 61 percent of the water capacity of the container. (2) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). (3) If canned corn falls below the standard of fill of container prescribed in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard fill specified in § 130.14(b) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified. [42 FR 14449, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 45 FR 43398, June 27, 1980; 47 FR 11831, 11832, Mar. 19, 1982; 49 FR 10101, Mar. 19, 1984; 54 FR 24895, June 12, 1989; 58 FR 2882, Jan. 6, 1993; 63 FR 14035, Mar. 24, 1998] § 155.170 Canned peas. (a) Identity Definition. Pisum sativum macrocarpum. (2) Optional ingredients. (i) Salt. (ii) Monosodium glutamate. (iii) Disodium inosinate. (iv) Disodium guanylate. (v) Hydrolyzed vegetable protein. (vi) Autolyzed yeast extract. (vii) One or any combination of two or more of the dry or liquid forms of sugar, invert sugar sirup, dextrose, glucose sirup, and fructose. (viii) Spice. (ix) Flavoring (except artificial). (x) Color additives. (xi) Calcium salts, the total amount of which added to firm the peas shall not result in more than 350 milligrams/kilogram (0.01 ounce/2.2 pounds) of calcium in the finished food. (xii) Magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, or any mixture or combination of these in such quantity that the pH of the finished canned peas is not more than 8, as determined by the glass electrode method for the hydrogen ion concentration. (xiii) Seasonings and garnishes: ( a ( b ( c ( d (3) Labeling. (ii) The following shall be included as part of the name or in close proximity to the name of the food: ( a ( b ( c (4) Label declaration. (b) Quality. (i) Blond and yellow peas. (ii) Blemished peas. (iii) Seriously blemished peas. (iv) Pea fragments. (v) Extraneous vegetable material. (vi) Alcohol-insoluble solids. http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (vii) Limitation. (2) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). (3) If the quality of canned peas falls below the standard prescribed in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard quality specified in § 130.14(a) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified; but in lieu of such general statement of substandard quality when the quality of canned peas falls below the standard in only one respect, the label may bear the alternative statement, “Below standard in quality ”, the blank to be filled in with the words specified after the corresponding paragraph under paragraph (b)(1) of this section which such canned peas fail to meet, as follows: (i) “Excessive blond and/or yellow peas”; (ii) “Excessive blemished peas”; (iii) “Excessive seriously blemished peas”; (iv) “Excessive pea fragments”; (v) “Excessive vegetable material”; (vi) “Excessive mealy”. Such alternative statement shall immediately and conspicuously precede or follow without intervening written, printed, or graphic matter, the name “peas” and any words and statements required or authorized to appear with such name by paragraph (a)(3) of this section. (c) Fill of container. (2) When the peas and liquid are removed from the container and returned thereto, the leveled peas (irrespective of the quantity of the liquid), 15 seconds after they are so returned, completely fill the container. A container with lid attached by double seam shall be considered to be completely filled when it is filled to 5 millimeters (0.2 inch) vertical distance below the top of the double seam; and a glass container shall be considered to be completely filled when it is filled to 13 millimeters (0.5 inch) vertical distance below the top of the container. (3) Determine compliance for fill of container as specified in § 155.3(b). (4) If canned peas fall below the standard of fill of container prescribed in paragraph (c)(1) and/or (2) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard fill specified in § 130.14(b) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified. [45 FR 43398, June 27, 1980, as amended at 47 FR 11832, Mar. 19, 1982; 48 FR 15241, Apr. 8, 1983; 54 FR 24895, June 12, 1989; 58 FR 2882, Jan. 6, 1993; 63 FR 14035, Mar. 24, 1998] Effective Date Note: In § 155.170, those portions of paragraph (a)(2) pertaining to the deletion of magnesium, hydroxide, magnesium oxide, and magnesium carbonate were stayed until further notice at 46 FR 35086, July 1, 1981, effective June 30, 1981. § 155.190 Canned tomatoes. (a) Identity Description. Lycopersicum esculentum (ii) Canned tomatoes may contain one or more of the safe and suitable optional ingredients specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, be packed without any added liquid or in one of the optional packing media specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section and be prepared in one of the styles specified in paragraph (a)(4) of this section. Such food is sealed in a container and before or after sealing is so processed by heat as to prevent spoilage. (2) Optional ingredients. (i) Calcium salts in a quantity reasonably necessary to firm the tomatoes, but the amount of calcium in the finished canned tomatoes is not more than 0.045 percent of the weight, except that when the tomatoes are prepared in one of the styles specified in paragraphs (a)(4) (ii) to (iv) of this section the amount of calcium is not more than 0.08 percent of the weight of the food. (ii) Organic acids for the purpose of acidification. (iii) Dry nutritive carbohydrate sweeteners whenever any organic acid provided for in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section is used, in a quantity reasonably necessary to compensate for the tartness resulting from such added acid. (iv) Salt. (v) Spices, spice oils. (vi) Flavoring and seasoning. (vii) Vegetable ingredients such as onion, peppers, and celery, that may be fresh or preserved by physical means, in a quantity not more than 10 percent by weight of the finished food. (3) Packing media. (ii) The liquid strained from the residue from preparing tomatoes for canning consisting of peels and cores with or without tomatoes or pieces thereof. (iii) The liquid strained from mature tomatoes (tomato juice). (iv) Tomato paste, or tomato puree, or tomato pulp complying with the compositional requirements of § 155.191. (4) Styles. (ii) Diced. (iii) Sliced. (iv) Wedges. (5) Name of the food. (ii) The following shall be included as part of the name or in close proximity to the name of the food: ( a ( b ( c ( d ( e (iii) The following may be included as part of the name or in close proximity to the name: ( a ( b ( c (6) Label declaration. (b) Quality. (i) The drained weight, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section, is not less than 50 percent of the weight of water required to fill the container, as determined by the general method for water capacity of containers prescribed in § 130.12(a) of this chapter; (ii) The strength and redness of color as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, are not less than that of the blended color of any combination of the color discs described in such method in which one-third the area of disc 1, and not more than one-third the area of disc 2, is exposed; (iii) Peel per kilogram (2.2 pounds) of the finished food covers an area of not more than 15 cm 2 2 (iv) Blemishes per kilogram (2.2 pounds) of the finished food cover an area of not more than 3.5 cm 2 2 (2) Canned tomatoes shall be tested by the following method to determine whether or not they meet the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section: (i) Remove lid from container, but in the case of a container with lid attached by double seam, do not remove or alter the height of the double seam. Tilt the opened container so as to distribute the contents over the meshes of a circular sieve which has previously been weighed. The diameter of the sieve used is 20.3 centimeters (8 inches) if the quantity of the contents of the container is less than 1.4 kilograms (3 pounds) or 30.5 centimeters (12 inches) if such quantity is 1.4 kilograms (3 pounds) or more. The meshes of such sieve are made by so weaving wire of 1.4 mm (0.054 inch) diameter as to form square openings 11.3 mm by 11.3 mm (0.446 inch by 0.446 inch). Without shifting the tomatoes, so incline the sieve as to facilitate drainage of the liquid. Two minutes from the time drainage begins, weigh the sieve and drained tomatoes. The weight so found, less the weight of the sieve, shall be considered to be the drained weight. (ii) Remove from the sieve the drained tomatoes, cut out and segregate successively those portions of least redness until 50 percent of the drained weight has been so segregated. Comminute the segregated portions to a uniform mixture without removing or breaking the seeds. Fill the mixture into a black container to a depth of at least 25.4 mm (1 inch). Free the mixture from air bubbles, and skim off or press below the surface all visible seeds. Compare the color of the mixture, in full diffused daylight or its equivalent, with the blended color of combinations of the following concentric Munsell color discs of equal diameter, or the color equivalent of such discs: ( a ( b ( c ( d (3) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). (4) If the quality of canned tomatoes falls below the standard prescribed in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard quality specified in § 130.14(a) of this chapter in the manner and form therein specified; if, however, the quality of canned tomatoes falls below standard with respect to only one of the factors of quality specified by paragraphs (b)(1) (i) to (iii) of this section, there may be substituted for the second line of such general statement of substandard quality (“Good Food—Not High Grade”) a new line, appropriate for the corresponding subparagraph designation of paragraph (b)(1) of this section which the canned tomatoes fail to meet, to read as follows: (i) “Poor color” or (ii) “Excessive peel” or (iii) “Excessive blemishes”. (c) Fill of container. (2) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). (3) If canned tomatoes fall below the standard of fill of container prescribed in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard fill specified in § 130.14(b) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified. [42 FR 14449, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 12858, Mar. 28, 1978; 43 FR 30274, July 14, 1978; 45 FR 43400, June 27, 1980; 58 FR 17103, Apr. 1, 1993; 59 FR 15051, Mar. 31, 1994] § 155.191 Tomato concentrates. (a) Identity Definition. (i) The liquid obtained from mature tomatoes of the red or reddish varieties ( Lycopersicum esculentum (ii) The liquid obtained from the residue from preparing such tomatoes for canning, consisting of peelings and cores with or without such tomatoes or pieces thereof. (iii) The liquid obtained from the residue from partial extraction of juice from such tomatoes. Such liquid is obtained by so straining the tomatoes, with or without heating, as to exclude skins (peel), seeds, and other coarse or hard substances in accordance with good manufacturing practice. Prior to straining, food-grade hydrochloric acid may be added to the tomato material in an amount to obtain a pH no lower than 2.0. Such acid is then neutralized with food-grade sodium hydroxide so that the treated tomato material is restored to a pH of 4.2±0.2. Water may be added to adjust the final composition. The food contains not less than 8.0 percent tomato soluble solids as defined in § 155.3(e). The food is preserved by heat sterilization (canning), refrigeration, or freezing. When sealed in a container to be held at ambient temperatures, it is so processed by heat, before or after sealing, as to prevent spoilage. (2) Optional ingredients. (i) Salt (sodium chloride formed during acid neutralization shall be considered added salt). (ii) Lemon juice, concentrated lemon juice, or organic acids. (iii) Sodium bicarbonate. (iv) Water, as provided for in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. (v) Spices. (vi) Flavoring. (3) Labeling. ( a ( b ( c ( d (ii) The following shall be included as part of the name or in close proximity to the name of the food: ( a ( b ( c (iii) The label of concentrated tomato juice shall bear adequate directions for dilution to result in a diluted article containing not less than 5.0 percent by weight tomato soluble solids; except that alternative methods may be used to convey adequate dilution directions for containers that are larger than No. 10 containers (3.1 kilograms or 109 avoirdupois ounces total water capacity). (iv) Label declaration. (v) Determine percent tomato soluble solids as specified in § 155.3(e). Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). A lot shall be deemed to be in compliance for tomato soluble solids as follows: ( a ( b (b) Quality. (i) The strength and redness of color of the food, when diluted with water (if necessary) to 8.1±0.1 percent tomato soluble solids is not less than the composite color produced by spinning the Munsell color discs in the following combination: 53 percent of the area of Disc 1; 28 percent of the area of Disc 2; and 19 percent of the area of either Disc 3 or Disc 4; or 9 1/2 1/2 (ii) Not more than one whole seed per 600 grams (21 ounces). (iii) Not more than 36 of the following defects, either singly or in combination, per 100 grams (3.5 ounces) of the product when diluted with water to 8.1±0.1 percent tomato soluble solids: ( a ( b ( c (2) Methodology. (ii) Whole seeds—Weigh out 600 grams (21 ounces) of the well-mixed, diluted concentrate; place a U.S. No. 12 screen (1.68 millimeters (0.066 inch) openings) over the sink drain; transfer the product sample onto the screen; rinse container thoroughly with water and pour through screen; flush sample through screen by using an adequate spray of water; check screen for whole seeds; apply the appropriate allowance. (iii) Peel, pieces of seed, and blemishes—Spread the prepared concentrate evenly on a large white tray and remove the individual defects, identify, classify, and measure. (3) Sampling and acceptance. (4) If the quality of the tomato concentrate falls below the standard prescribed in paragraph (b) (1) and (3) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard quality specified in § 130.14(a) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified, but in lieu of such general statement of substandard quality when the quality of the tomato concentrate falls below the standard in one or more respects, the label may bear the alternative statement, “Below Standard in Quality ______,” the blank to be filled in with the words specified after the corresponding paragraph(s) under paragraph (b)(1) of this section which such tomato concentrate fails to meet, as follows: (i) “Poor color.” (ii) “Excessive seeds.” (iii)( a ( b ( c (c) Fill of container. (2) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). (3) If the tomato concentrate falls below the standard of fill prescribed in paragraph (c) (1) and (2) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard fill specified in § 130.14(b) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein prescribed. [48 FR 3954, Jan. 28, 1983, as amended at 49 FR 15073, Apr. 17, 1984; 58 FR 2883, Jan. 6, 1993; 58 FR 17104, Apr. 1, 1993] § 155.194 Catsup. (a) Identity Definition. (i) Tomato concentrate as defined in § 155.191(a)(1), except that lemon juice, concentrated lemon juice, or safe and suitable organic acids may be used in quantities no greater than necessary to adjust the pH, and in compliance with § 155.191(b). (ii) The liquid derived from mature tomatoes of the red or reddish varieties Lycopersicum esculentum (iii) The liquid obtained from the residue from preparing such tomatoes for canning, consisting of peelings and cores with or without such tomatoes or pieces thereof. (iv) The liquid obtained from the residue from partial extraction of juice from such tomatoes. Such liquid is strained so as to exclude skins, seeds, and other coarse or hard substances in accordance with current good manufacturing practice. Prior to straining, food-grade hydrochloric acid may be added to the tomato material in an amount to obtain a pH no lower than 2.0. Such acid is then neutralized with food-grade sodium hydroxide so that the treated tomato material is restored to a pH of 4.2±0.2. The final composition of the food may be adjusted by concentration and/or by the addition of water. The food may contain salt (sodium chloride formed during acid neutralization shall be considered added salt) and is seasoned with ingredients as specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. The food is preserved by heat sterilization (canning), refrigeration, or freezing. When sealed in a container to be held at ambient temperatures, it is so processed by heat, before or after sealing, as to prevent spoilage. (2) Ingredients. (i) Vinegars. (ii) Nutritive carbohydrate sweeteners. Such sweeteners if defined in part 168 of this chapter shall be as defined therein. (iii) Spices, flavoring, onions, or garlic. (3) Labeling. (ii) The following shall be included as part of the name or in close proximity to the name of the food: ( a ( b (iii) Label declaration. a b (b) Quality. (2) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). (3) If the quality of catsup falls below the standard prescribed in paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard quality specified in § 130.14(a) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified, but in lieu of such general statement of substandard quality when the quality of the catsup falls below the standard, the label may bear the alternative statement, “Below Standard in Quality—Low Consistency.” (c) Fill of container. (i) When the food is frozen, or (ii) When the food is packaged in individual serving-size packages containing 56.7 grams (2 ounces) or less. (2) Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3(b). (3) If the catsup falls below the standard of fill prescribed in paragraphs (c) (1) and (2) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard fill as specified in § 130.14(b) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified. [48 FR 3956, Jan. 28, 1983, as amended at 49 FR 15073, Apr. 17, 1984; 58 FR 2883, Jan. 6, 1993] § 155.200 Certain other canned vegetables. (a) The canned vegetables for which definitions and standards of identity are prescribed by this section are those named in column I of the table set forth in paragraph (b) of this section. The vegetable ingredient in each such canned vegetable is obtained by proper preparation from the succulent vegetable prescribed in column II of such table. If two or more forms of such ingredient are designated in column III of such table, the vegetable in each such form is an optional ingredient. To the vegetable ingredient additional ingredients as required or permitted by paragraph (c) of this section are added, and the food is sealed in a container and so processed by heat as to prevent spoilage. (b) The table referred to in paragraph (a) of this section is as follows: I—Name or synonym of canned vegetable II—Source III—Optional forms of vegetable ingredient Artichokes Flower buds of the artichoke plant Whole; half or halves or halved; whole hearts; halved hearts; quartered hearts. Asparagus Edible portions of sprouts of the asparagus plant, as follows: 3 and 3 4 Stalks or spears. 3 and 3 4 Peeled stalks or peeled spears. Not less than 2 and 3 4 3 4 Tips. Less than 2 and 3 4 Points. Sprouts cut in pieces Cut stalks or cut spears. Sprouts from which the tip has been removed, cut in pieces Bottom cuts or cuts—tips removed. Bean sprouts Sprouts of the Mung bean Shelled beans Seed shelled from green or wax bean pods, with or without snaps (pieces of immature unshelled pods) Lima beans or butter beans Seed shelled from the pods of the lima bean plant Beets Root of the beet plant Whole; slices or sliced; quarters or quartered; dice or diced; cut; shoestring or French style or julienne. Beet greens Leaves, or leaves and immature root, of the beet plant Broccoli Heads of the broccoli plant Brussels sprouts Sprouts of the brussels sprouts plant Cabbage Cut pieces of the heads of the cabbage plant Carrots Root of the carrot plant Do. Cauliflower Cut pieces of the head of the cauliflower plant Celery Stalks of the celery plant Cut; hearts. Collards Leaves of the collard plant Dandelion greens Leaves of the dandelion plant Kale Leaves of the kale plant Mustard greens Leaves of the mustard plant Okra Pods of the okra plant Whole; cut. Onions Bulb of the onion plant Do. Parsnips Root of the parsnip plant Whole; quarters or quartered; slices or sliced; cut; shoestring or French style or julienne. Black-eye peas or black-eyed peas Seed shelled from pods of the black-eye pea plant, with or without snaps (pieces of immature unshelled pods) Field peas Seed shelled from pods of the field pea plant (other than the black-eye pea plant), with or without snaps (pieces of immature unshelled pods) Green sweet peppers Green pods of the sweet pepper plant Whole; halves or halved; pieces; dice or diced; strips; chopped. Red sweet peppers Red-ripe pods of the sweet pepper plant Do. Pimientos or pimentos Red-ripe pods of the pimiento, pimento, pepper plant Whole; halves or halved; pieces; dice or diced; slices or sliced; chopped. Potatoes Tuber of the potato plant Whole; slices or sliced; dice or diced; pieces; shoestring or French style or julienne; French fry cut. Rutabagas Root of the rutabaga plant Whole; quarters or quartered; slices or sliced; dice or diced; cut. Salsify Root of the salsify plant Spinach Leaves of the spinach plant Whole leaf; cut leaf or sliced; chopped. Sweet potatoes Tuber of the sweet potato plant Whole; mashed; pieces or cuts or cut (longitudinally cut halves may be named on labels as halves or halved in lieu of pieces or cuts or cut). Swiss chard Leaves of the Swiss chard plant Truffles Fruit of the truffle Turnip greens Leaves of the turnip plant Turnips Root of the turnip plant Whole; quarters or quartered; slices or sliced; dice or diced; cut. (c) Water is added to the vegetable ingredient, except that pimientos may be canned with or without added water, and sweet potatoes in mashed form are canned without added water. Asparagus may be canned with added water, asparagus juice, or a mixture of both. For the purposes of this section, asparagus juice is the clear, unfermented liquid expressed from the washed and heated sprouts or parts of sprouts of the asparagus plant, and mixtures of asparagus juice and water are considered to be water when such mixtures are used as a packing medium for canned asparagus. In the case of artichokes, a vinegar or any safe and suitable organic acid, which either is not a food additive as defined in section 201(s) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or if it is a food additive as so defined, is used in conformity with regulations established pursuant to section 409 of the act, is added in such quantity as to reduce the pH of the finished canned vegetable to 4.5 or below. The following optional ingredients, in the case of the vegetables specified, may be added: (1) An edible vegetable oil, in the cases of artichokes and pimientos. (2) Snaps, in the cases of shelled beans, black-eyed peas, and field peas. (3) In the case of all vegetables (except canned mashed sweet potatoes as regards the seasonings listed in paragraph (c)(3)(iii) of this section) one or more of the following optional seasoning ingredients may be added in a quantity sufficient to season the food. (i) Refined sugar (sucrose). (ii) Refined corn sugar (dextrose). (iii) Corn sirup, glucose sirup. (iv) Dried corn sirup, dried glucose sirup. (v) Spice. (vi) A vinegar. (vii) Green peppers or red peppers which may be dried. (viii) Mint leaves. (ix) Onions, which may be dried. (x) Garlic, which may be dried. (xi) Horseradish. (xii) Lemon juice or concentrated lemon juice. (xiii) Butter or margarine in a quantity not less than 3 percent by weight of the finished food. When butter or margarine is added, safe and suitable emulsifiers or stabilizers, or both, may be added. When butter or margarine is added, no spice or flavoring simulating the color or flavor imparted by butter or margarine is used. (4) In the case of all vegetables, the following optional ingredients may be added: (i) Salt. (ii) Monosodium glutamate. (iii) Disodium inosinate complying with the provisions of § 172.535 of this chapter. (iv) Disodium guanylate complying with the provisions of § 172.530 of this chapter. (v) Hydrolyzed vegetable protein. (vi) Autolyzed yeast extract. (5) In the case of all vegetables flavoring (except artificial) may be added. (6) In the case of bean sprouts, lima beans, carrots, green sweet peppers, red sweet peppers, and potatoes, any safe and suitable calcium salts may be added as a firming agent. (7) In the case of canned artichokes packed in glass containers, ascorbic acid may be added in a quantity not to exceed 32 milligrams per 100 grams of the finished food. (8) In the case of canned asparagus, ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, or the sodium salts of ascorbic acid or erythorbic acid may be added in an amount necessary to preserve color in the “white” and “green-tipped and white” color types. (9) In the case of canned asparagus packed in glass containers, stannous chloride may be added in a quantity not to exceed 15 parts per million calculated as tin (Sn), except that in the case of asparagus packed in glass containers with lids lined with an inert material the quantity of stannous chloride added may exceed 15 parts per million but not 20 parts per million calculated as tin (Sn). (10) In the case of canned black-eyed peas, disodium EDTA may be added in a quantity not to exceed 145 parts per million. (11) In the case of potatoes, calcium disodium EDTA may be added in a quantity not to exceed 110 parts per million. (12) A vinegar or any safe and suitable organic acid for all vegetables (except artichokes, in which the quantity of such optional ingredient is prescribed by the introductory text of paragraph (c) of this section) in a quantity which, together with the amount of any lemon juice or concentrated lemon juice that may be added, is not more than sufficient to permit effective processing by heat without discoloration or other impairment of the article. (d) The name of each canned vegetable for which a definition and standard of identity is prescribed by this section is the name or any synonym thereof whereby such vegetable is designated in column I of the table in paragraph (b) of this section. (e) When two or more forms of the vegetable are specified in column III of the table in paragraph (b) of this section, the label shall bear the specified word or words, or in case synonyms are so specified, one of such synonyms, showing the form of the vegetable ingredient present; except that in the case of canned spinach, if the whole leaf is the optional form used, the word “spinach” unmodified may be used in lieu of the words “whole leaf spinach”. (f)(1) If the optional ingredient specified in paragraph (c)(1) of this section is present, the label shall bear the statement “______ oil added” or “With added ______ oil”, the blank being filled in with the common or usual name of the oil. (2) If asparagus juice is used as a packing medium in canned asparagus, the label shall bear the statement “Packed in asparagus juice”. (3) If the optional ingredient specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section is present, the label shall bear the statement “With snaps”. (g) The name of the food shall include a declaration of any flavoring that characterizes the product as specified in § 101.22 of this chapter, and a declaration of any spice or seasoning that characterizes the product; for example, “with added spice”, “seasoned with red peppers”, “seasoned with butter”. Wherever the name of the vegetable appears on the label so conspicuously as to be easily seen under customary conditions of purchase, the words and statements specified in paragraphs (e) and (f) (1) through (3) of this section shall immediately and conspicuously precede or follow such name, without intervening written, printed, or graphic matter, except that the varietal name of the vegetable may so intervene. (h) Label declaration. [42 FR 14449, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 42 FR 30358, June 14, 1977; 46 FR 56410, Nov. 17, 1981; 48 FR 10813, Mar. 15, 1983; 49 FR 6711, Feb. 23, 1984; 58 FR 2883, Jan. 6, 1993; 59 FR 15052, Mar. 31, 1994] § 155.201 Canned mushrooms. (a) Identity Definition. Agaricus (Psalliota) bisporus A. bitorquis, (2) Styles. (i) Buttons (ii) Whole (iii) Quarters (iv) Slices or sliced (v) Random sliced (vi) Pieces and stems (3) Optional ingredients. (i) Salt. (ii) Monosodium glutamate. (iii) Disodium inosinate complying with the provisions of § 172.535 of this chapter. (iv) Disodium guanylate complying with the provisions of § 172.530 of this chapter. (v) Hydrolyzed vegetable protein. (vi) Autolyzed yeast extract. (vii) Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in a quantity not to exceed 132 milligrams for each 100 grams (37.5 milligrams for each ounce) of drained weight of mushrooms. (viii) Organic acids (except no vinegar is permitted), only where the inside metal of the container is fully enamel-lined and in glass containers with fully enamel-lined caps. Ascorbic acid as provided for in paragraph (a)(3)(vii) of this section. (ix) Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CaNa 2 (4) Labeling requirements. (ii) Label declaration. (b) [Reserved] (c) Fill of container. (i) The fill of the mushroom ingredient and packing medium, as determined by the general method for fill of container prescribed in § 130.12(b) of this chapter, is not less than 90 percent of the total capacity of the container. (ii) The drained weight of the mushroom ingredient is not less than 56 percent of the water capacity of the container. (iii) Determine drained weight as specified in § 155.3(a). (2) Determine compliance for minimum fill and drained weight as specified in § 155.3(b). (3) If the canned mushrooms fall below the standard of fill prescribed in paragraph (c)(1) (i) and/or (ii) and (2) of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard fill specified in § 130.14(b) of this chapter, in the manner and form therein prescribed. [48 FR 10813, Mar. 15, 1983, as amended at 58 FR 2883, Jan. 6, 1993]